Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 4 2017 10 30 203 211 EN Minoo Shahidi Assistant Professor, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farzaneh Vaziri Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Ahmad Haerian Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Amir Farzanegan Postgraduate Student, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Soudeh Jafari Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Roya Sharifi Assistant Professor, Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Sadeghi Shirazi MSc Student, Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 02 27 2017 09 18 Objectives: It has been demonstrated that polyphenol components such as silymarin and resveratrol have anti-inflammatory properties. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the breakdown of dental supporting tissues and tooth loss. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of silymarin and resveratrol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Materials and Methods: HGFs were treated with different concentrations of silymarin and/or resveratrol (25, 50, 100 and 200μg/ml). The effects of silymarin and resveratrol on cell viability and proliferation were assessed by MTT assay and cell cycle analysis, respectively. Also, HGFs were treated with silymarin and/or resveratrol and were stimulated with LPS. The levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).  Results: After treatment with silymarin, the viability of fibroblasts significantly increased, whereas treatment with resveratrol did not have any significant effect on cell viability. However, the combination of these flavonoids (50µg/ml silymarin and 100µg/ml resveratrol) significantly increased the viability of fibroblasts. Resveratrol significantly inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 secretion by HGFs, but silymarin did not show such a significant effect.    Conclusions: The findings of the present study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol and its combination with silymarin. Therefore, the combination of silymarin and resveratrol may be useful as a therapeutic agent for treatment of periodontal diseases. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/1767 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/1767/963