Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 20 0 2023 05 02 1 8 Atefe Sharifian Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran Behnaz Esmaeili Associate Professor, Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran Hemmat Gholinia Assistant Professor, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol , IR Iran. Fariba Ezoji Associate Professor, Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran 2021 05 14 2023 02 12 Objectives: This study aimed to assess the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of etch-and-rinse (E&R), self-etch (SE), and universal adhesives to superficial and deep dentin. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 40 sound third molars were randomly divided into two main groups of superficial and deep dentin. Based on our classification, superficial dentin was right beneath the deepest occlusal groove, and deep dentin was 2mm beneath the deepest occlusal groove. Each group was divided into 4 subgroups (n=20) for application of Adper Single Bond 2 (ASB), Clearfil SE Bond (CSE), and Scotchbond Universal (SBU) in E&R and SE modes along with Charisma Smart composite resin on dentin. The specimens were incubated in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours and their µTBS was then measured. The mode of failure was determined under a stereomicroscope at ×40 magnification. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (alpha=0.05). Results: The highest µTBS belonged to the superficial dentin/SBU/E&R group. The µTBS was significantly higher in superficial dentin than deep dentin for all adhesives (P=0.005). There was no significant difference in mode of failure among the groups. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in the present study, type of bonding agent and application mode affected µTBS. In use of universal adhesive, E&R mode can improve µTBS. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/4055