Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 22 0 2025 06 02 4254 4254 Ali Peimani Department of Surgery, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Shirin Abedini Private practice, Rafsanjan, Iran Zahra Jahanshahi Afshar Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammadali Heidari Heidari Private practice, Rafsanjan, Iran Zohreh Nouri Private practice, Rafsanjan, Iran Mahmood Sheikh Fathollahi National Center for Health Insurance Research, Tehran, Iran 2021 10 29 2023 12 24 Objectives: The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is increasing in adults, and they are associated with symptoms such as pain and dysfunction. Non-surgical treatment, which may include pharmacotherapy, laser therapy, and physiotherapy, is the first step in treatment of TMDs. This study aimed to compare the effects of naproxen, diclofenac, and piroxicam on TMDs. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 104 patients who were randomly assigned to four groups (n=26) to receive either 500mg naproxen tablets, 50mg diclofenac tablets, 10mg piroxicam capsules, or the placebo. The patients were evaluated for pain, clicking, tenderness, and maximum mouth opening (MMO) in five stages, i.e., before starting the treatment and 1 week, 3 weeks, 5 weeks, and 6 weeks after starting the treatment. Data were analyzed by one-way repeated measures ANOVA with one repeated and one between-subject factor, Fisher's exact test, and Chi-square test (alpha=0.05). Results: Tenderness and clicking decreased with time in all groups (P≤0.05). The mean pain intensity and tenderness were significantly lower in the naproxen group than the other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Naproxen tablets can reduce pain and tenderness in TMD patients more than diclofenac tablets, piroxicam capsules, and the placebo. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/4254 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/4254/2146