Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 13 6 2017 01 11 415 422 EN Hossein Najafi Prostodontist, Post Doc student, dental implant research center, dentistry research institute, Tehran University of medical science, Iran. Hakimeh Siadat Professor, Dental Implant Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Solmaz Akbari Assistant Professor, Dental Implant Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amir Reza Rokn Professor, Dental Implant Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 12 14 2016 06 25 Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of immediate and delayed rehabilitation of edentulous jaws by means of two straight and two tilted implants after one year of function. Materials and Methods: Thirty consecutive patients (16 males, 14 females) were enrolled in this study. Two anterior straight and two posterior tilted implants were placed in each patient. According to the implant insertion torque and the need for bone grafting, implants were loaded immediately (at 72 hours) or delayed (after four months) using a fixed metal resin prosthesis. Results: One axial implant failed in the delayed group after one year of loading, resulting in cumulative implant survival rate of 99.3%. The mean marginal bone loss was 0.84mm. No significant difference was found between axial and tilted implants in the two groups (P>0.05) Conclusions: Based on the results, immediate or delayed fabrication of final prosthesis on two tilted and two axial implants did not result in significant differences in survival rates or marginal bone loss.   https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/955 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/955/919