Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 9 1 2012 03 15 1 6 P Torkzaban Periodontology Department, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamedan University of medical science, Hamedan, Iran. A Saffarpour M Bidgoli S Sohilifar 2015 10 16 Stem cells are of great interest for regenerating disturbed tissues and organs. These cells are commonly isolated from the bone marrow, but there has been interest in other tissues in the recent years. In this study, we evaluated the possibility of isolation of stem cells from oral connective tissue and investigated their characteristics.In this experimental study, sampling from the bone marrow and oral connective tissue of a beagle dog was performed under general anesthesia. Bone marrow stem cell isolation was performed according to the established protocols. The samples obtained from oral soft tissue were broken to small pieces and after adding collagenase I, the samples were incubated for 45 minutes in 37°C. Other processes were similar to the processes which were carried out on bone marrow cells. Then cell properties were compared to evaluate if the cells from the connective tissue were stem cells.The cells from the bone marrow and connective tissue had the same morphology. The result of colony forming unit assay was relatively similar. Population doubling time was similar too. In addition, both cell groups differentiated to osteoblasts in osteogenic media.The cells isolated from the oral connective tissue had the characteristics of stem cells, including fibroblastoid morphology, self renewal properties, high proliferation rate and differentiation potential. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/792 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/792/767

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 9 1 2012 03 15 7 13 P Motahhary Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. F Baghaie S Mamishi B Pourakbari S Mahmoudi P Amini Shakib 2015 10 16 Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the human population. Despite significant efforts committed in treatment of OSCC the overall survival rate of OSCC has not improved significantly. Activating mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) genes are responsible for some human cancers, including bladder and cervical carcinoma. Despite a high frequency in some benign skin disorders, FGFR3 mutations have not been reported in cutaneous malignancies. Therefore, FGFR3 gene may play a role in epithelial biology and mutations of FGFR3 gene may contribute to the development of OSCC.In this cross-sectional study, DNA was extracted and purified from snap frozen tissue biopsy sections of 20 OSCC cases. Exons 7 and 15 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced in both directions.In three cases silent mutations were identified in exon 7 (882 T to C) which may be introduced as Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) and no mutation was identified in exon 15.FGFR3 gene mutation in exon 7 and 15 has no significant role in the development and progression of OSCC. Analyzing other exons or considering other advanced gene mutation assessment techniques may clarify the role of this receptor mutation in OSCC pathogenesis. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/791 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/791/766

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 9 1 2012 03 15 14 9 Ar Eshghi Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. R Kowsari-Isfahan M Rezaiefar M Razavi S Zeighami 2015 10 16 Iron deficiency is the most common form of malnutrition in developing countries. Iron containing supplements have been used effectively to solve this problem. In children, because of teeth staining after taking iron drops, parents have the idea that iron drops are the cause of tooth decay; therefore, they limit this vital supplement in their children's diet. Hereby, we evaluate the histologic effect of iron containing supplements on tooth caries in rice rats with cariogenic or non-cariogenic diet.Twelve rats were selected and divided into four groups for this interventional experimental study. Four different types of dietary regimens were used for four months; group A, cariogenic diet with iron containing supplements; group B, cariogenic diet without iron containing supplements; group C, non-cariogenic diet with iron containing supplements; group D, non-cariogenic diet without iron containing supplements. After sacrificing the rats, 20-micron histological sections of their posterior teeth were prepared using the Ground Section method, then they were studied under polarized light microscopy. In order to compare the progression of caries in different samples, the depth of the lesions in the enamel was measured as three grades I, II and III.The mean grade value of A, B, C and D groups were 1.61, 2.61, 1.37 and 1.80, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that significantly fewer caries were seen in the group which had received iron containing supplements and cariogenic diet compared with cariogenic diet without iron supplements (p https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/790 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/790/765

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 9 1 2012 03 15 20 6 M H Hosseini Assisstant Professor, Department of Orthodontic, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. F Namvar J Chalipa K Saber N Chiniforush S Sarmadi A H Mirhashemi 2015 10 16 The purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel prepared by Er:YAG laser with two different powers and conventional acid-etching.Forty-five human premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly assigned to three groups based on conditioning method: Group 1- conventional etching with 37% phosphoric acid; Group 2- irradiation with Er:YAG laser at 1 W; and Group 3- irradiation with Er:YAG laser at 1.5 W. Metal brackets were bonded on prepared enamel using a light-cured composite. All groups were subjected to thermocycling process. Then, the specimens mounted in auto-cure acryle and shear bond strength were measured using a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm per second. After debonding, the amount of resin remaining on the teeth was determined using the adhesive remnant index (ARI) scored 1 to 5. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare shear bond strengths and the Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to evaluate differences in the ARI for different etching types.The mean and standard deviation of conventional acid-etch group, 1W laser group and 1.5W laser group was 3.82 ± 1.16, 6.97 ± 3.64 and 6.93 ± 4.87, respectively.The mean SBS obtained with an Er:YAG laser operated at 1W or 1.5W is approximately similar to that of conventional etching. However, the high variability of values in bond strength of irradiated enamel should be considered to find the appropriate parameters for applying Er:YAG laser as a favorable alternative for surface conditioning. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/789 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/789/764

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 9 1 2012 03 15 27 34 Sm Safavi Associate professor of orthodontics, Dental Research Center and Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ah Namazi 2015 10 16 Mandibular incisor extraction in carefully selected cases as an alternative option to four bicuspid extraction or non extraction treatment has been advocated. The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of improvement in occlusion in patients with Bolton discrepancy treated by one lower incisor extraction using Peer Assessment Rating Index (PAR indexes).Pre and post treatment dental casts of 14 patients treated with one lower incisor extraction were included in the study. Pre and post treatment dental casts were scored with PAR index. 70% reduction in PAR index was considered as high standard improvement. To test the hypothesis that the mean improvement in dental occlusion after one mandibular incisor extraction is at least 70%, one-tail one-sample student t-test was used.The mean improvement in dental occlusion in this group of patients was 78%. Fifty percent of the cases finished with a post treatment PAR score of 2. Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.763 (p https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/788 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/788/763

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 9 1 2012 03 15 35 40 Ar Rokn Dental Implant Research Center, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. N Moslemi B Eslami H Khandagh Abadi M Paknejad 2015 10 16 Both anorganic bovine bone (ABB) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) are used in clinical practice as bone substitute materials, but there is limited data comparing these two materials in standardized defects. The aim of this study was to histologically evaluate the effectiveness of ABB and β-TCP in the healing of experimentally induced bone defects.Eighteen bone defects were created on the calvaria of six rabbits. In each animal, one defect was left untreated and the other two were filled with ABB and β-TCP. After one month, histological sections were prepared. Type and vitality of newly formed bone, percentage of new bone formation and residual material, thickness of trabeculae, inflammation and foreign body reaction were assessed.The newly formed osseous tissue was vital in all defects and consisted of woven and lamellar bone. Mean percentages of new bone formation were 30.83±14.29%, 16.83±11.07% and 14.00±8.17% in β-TCP, ABB and control groups, respectively and the mean percentages of residual biomaterial were 24.17±14.01% and 36.50±8.43% in β-TCP and ABB groups, respectively. However, the differences were not statistically significant (all ps>0.05). Inflammatory infiltration was statistically higher in β-TCP compared to the control group (p=0.025), but the difference was not significant between β-TCP and ABB groups (p=0.083). Trabeculation thickness and foreign body reaction were not statistically different between β-TCP and ABB groups.β-TCP and ABB were not different with regard to the quantity and quality of newly formed osseous tissue. However, inflammatory infiltration was higher in sites filled with β-TCP. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/787 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/787/762

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 9 1 2012 03 15 41 9 S Sadat Mansouri Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. M Ghasemi S Saljughi Darmian T Pourseyediyan 2015 10 16 The purpose of the present randomized clinical trial study was to compare the effectiveness of Bovine Porous Bone Mineral (BPBM) with and without Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF) in the treatment of mandibular Class II furcation defects.In seven patients, nine pairs of symmetric buccal or lingual mandibular class II furcation defects were treated. In each patient, one defect received BPBM (control) and the other received BPBM/PRGF (test) by random assignment. Clinical measurements were made both at baseline and 6-month evaluation.Similar improvements were observed with both treatment modalities. Significant reductions were gained in the gingival index, probing depth and relative vertical clinical attachment level. Plaque index and gingival recession changes were not significant in both groups. The mean probing depth reductions were 2.67±0.87 mm for the control group and 3.22±1.56 mm for the test group (p https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/786 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/786/761

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 9 1 2012 03 15 50 8 Z Kadkhoda Associated Professor ,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Medical Science, Tehran ,Iran. S Rafiei Tari P Owlia S Seyyed Zadeh Sabounchei 2015 10 16 Systemic antibiotics and locally applied antimicrobial agents have been suggested to enhance clinical parameters. Patients exhibiting aggressive periodontitis in particular benefit from adjunctive antibiotic therapy. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of local antibiotic therapy with metronidazole adjunctively to scaling and root planning (SRP) in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis.Twenty patients diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis were placed in ah> 16 Despite the current use of radiography for quantifying sagittal skeletal measurements, it is an unsuitable way for screening or epidemiologic purposes. Although not fully approved, anthropometric measurements have been suggested as a substitute, and considering displacement of soft tissues, could possibly lead to more consistent results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of anthropometric anteroposterior facial measurements under soft tissue compression using a special ruler.Anthropometric measurements were done with a specifically designed sliding ruler twice on 36 adult patients with a 14 day lag between two measurements. The ruler measured the distance between the external acoustic meatus and the nasion (Na), subnasal (Sn) point and the soft tissue pogonion (Pog). The soft tissue was displaced during measurements only to the extent that the underlying hard tissue resistance was felt subjectively by each assessor. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated for both inter- and intra- rater measurements using SPSS software.All measurements had inter- and intrarater agreements above 0.9, with only a few parameters having lower bound confidence intervals below 0.9, but more than 0.8.Sagittal facial anthropometric measurements under soft tissue displacement using the specific ruler are valid and reliable and could possibly aid orthodontists in chairside craniofacial assessments. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/678 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/678/653

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 10 2 2013 03 15 169 74 Beheshteh Malekafzali Associate professor, Department of Pedodontics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science Dental School, Tehran, Iran. Amir Ghasemi Hassan Torabzadeh Reza Hamedani Nekoo Tadayon 2015 10 16 Multiple adhesive coating is a controversial topic, especially in primary dentition that should be clarified. We evaluated the effect of multiple consecutive adhesive resin coatings on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of composite resin to primary tooth dentin utilizing a filled (Adper Single Bond Plus) and an unfilled (Adper Single Bond) adhesive resin.Thirty extracted primary canines were randomly allocated into two groups based on the adhesive used. Dentin occlusal surfaces were exposed and further polished on 400, 600 and 800-grit silicon-carbide paper. The surfaces were divided into two halves in the labial-lingual orientation. After etching, the adhesives were used either in double coats, or four coats on the halves of the same tooth followed by air evaporation for each layer and finally light curing. Cylinders of composite were bonded to the dentin surfaces. After 24 h shear bond testing was evaluated by Bisco tensile tester. ANOVA, Student t test and paired t test were used for statistical analysis.The mean (standard deviation) for double coats or four coats in single bond were 31.99 (2.94) and 30.25 (2.69), while they were 29.18 (3.35) and 31.26 (2.07) in single bond plus, respectively. No significant differences were found between the double coated specimens and those receiving four coatings with both adhesives (p>0.05). Micro SBS values of Single Bond double coated specimens were significantly higher than Single Bond Plus (p=0.02). In four-coated specimens, there were no significant differences between Single Bond and Single Bond Plus (p=0.26).Applying four coats of adhesive did not improve the μSBS to primary tooth dentin. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/676 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/676/651

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 10 2 2013 03 15 175 85 Abdollah Ghorbanzadeh Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Soran Aminifar Leila Shadan Hamed Ghanati 2015 10 16 To compare three various methods in the diagnosis of dentinal cracks formed in the apical third after root resection.One hundred extracted human maxillary central incisors were selected. The root canals were prepared with step-back technique. Then 3mm from the apical end of all roots was cut perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth. The apical end of each root was evaluated to make sure there were no cracks. Fifty specimens were randomly chosen and connected to an apparatus especially designed for application of force (50-60N) by a universal testing machine for crack formation. The cracked (no=50) and non-cracked (no=50) specimens were examined by three methods of fiber optic transillumination, methylene blue staining and combination of the two. Sensitivity and specificity of the methods were evaluated. The most suitable method for detecting cracks was determined using Youden index. To compare agreement between studied methods with the gold standard, kappa statistics and odds ratio of McNemar were utilized.The sensitivity of transillumination, staining and the combination method were 82.0, 50.0 and 90.0%, respectively. The staining technique had the lowest sensitivity and the highest specificity. Both transillumination and the combination method had Youden index of 0.56, but the combination method diagnosed truly cracked samples more than the other techniques.The efficacy of transillumination in identification of apical root-end cracks undetectable by unaided vision was similar to the combination method. However, the efficacy of 2% methylene blue without transillumination was significantly lower than the other two methodologies. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/674 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/674/649

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 10 2 2013 03 15 186 96 Mandana Naseri Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics,Dental School of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ali Kangarlou Haghighi Mohammad Javad Kharazifard Atefeh Khavid 2015 10 16 Because of the great challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of "C" configuration and lack of any systematic information about its occurrence, the purpose of the present study is to determine the prevalence of C shaped root canals in Iranian population.An exhaustive search was undertaken to identify published and unpublished researches related to the C-shaped canals by using key words. The search of the MEDLINE database included all publications from 1966 to May 2012.Then selected articles were obtained and reviewed. Data evaluated and summarized in the data sheet included methodology, population, number of teeth per study (power), number of root canals, type of root canal configuration, and c-shaped canals.Six studies were included with total of 1062 teeth, all in mandibular second molars. The total incidence of C-shaped canals in Iranian population was obtained 6.96%.The incidence of C-shaped canals in Iranian population is 6.96%, which seems much less than Asian populations but nearer to Middle East countries. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/672 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/672/647

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 10 2 2013 03