Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 3 2017 10 18 115 122 EN Zahra Ghoncheh Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran Behrang Moghaddam Zade Adjunct Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Javad Kharazi fard Epidemiologist, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 06 06 2017 06 20 Objectives: This study sought to assess the root morphology and root canal anatomy of the maxillary first and second molars in an Iranian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Sound fully-developed maxillary first (n=345) and second (n=423) molars were evaluated on 450 CBCT scans ordered for pre-operative assessment for implant placement. The (I) number of roots and their morphology (II) number of canals per root, (III) canal configuration and presence of a second mesiobuccal canal according to the Vertucci’s classification and (IV) unilateral or bilateral occurrence of a second mesiobuccal canal (MB2) were evaluated. Results: Single roots were found in 1.1% of the first and 11.3% of the second molars. Four separate roots were identified in 0.5% of the first molars; none of the second molars had four separate roots. First and second molars showed a higher prevalence of three separate roots of mesiobuccal, distobuccal and palatal with one canal in each root (54% and 86 %, respectively). The most common anatomical variation in the maxillary first molars was related to the configuration of the MB root; the root canal system of the maxillary second molars showed more anatomical variations. Conclusions: Mesiobuccal roots of the maxillary molars had more variations in their canal system than the distobuccal or palatal roots. The root canal configuration of the maxillary second molars was more diverse than that of first molars; CBCT enhances mapping of the mesiobuccal root canal system with the potential to improve the quality of root canal treatment. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/1282 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/1282/959

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 3 2017 10 18 123 131 EN Shahram Mosharrafian Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Reza Heidari Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Pegah Rahbar Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 04 09 2017 07 01 Objectives: This study aimed to assess and compare the microleakage of two bulk fill and one conventional composite in class II restorations of primary posterior teeth. Materials and Methods: This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on 60 primary mandibular second molars, which were randomly divided into three groups. Standard class II cavities were prepared in teeth and restored with 3M bulk fill composite in group 1, SonicFill bulk fill composite in group 2 and Z250 conventional composite in group 3. Single Bond 2 bonding agent was used in all cavities. The teeth were then thermocycled and immersed in 1M silver nitrate solution. The teeth were then mesiodistally sectioned and evaluated under a stereomicroscope at´10 magnification. Dye penetration depth was recorded in microns and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The mean (± standard deviation) dye penetration depth in the gingival margins was 543±523µm, 343±290µm and 597±590µm for 3M bulk fill, SonicFill and Z250 conventional composite, respectively. These values were 214±93µm, 302±127µm and 199±145µm in the occlusal margins, respectively. The three groups were not significantly different in terms of occlusal or gingival microleakage (P>0.05), but gingival margins showed significantly higher microleakage than occlusal margins in all three groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Bulk fill composites are not significantly different from conventional composites in terms of microleakage. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/1833 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/1833/951

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 3 2017 10 18 132 137 EN Fereshteh Baghai Naini Associate Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Pouyan Aminishakib Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maedeh Ghorbanpour Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Mehdi Vakili Dentist, Private Practice, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Javad Kharazifard Epidemiologist, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 12 26 2017 07 03 Objectives: The frequency of non-odontogenic lesions of the jawbones is lower than that of odontogenic lesions; however, study of the epidemiologic data of these lesions is required for health care programs. This study aimed to assess the relative frequency and demographic profile of non-odontogenic jaw lesions in an Iranian population over a 30-year period. Materials and Methods: This archive review was performed using demographic and biopsy information of all patients with non-odontogenic lesions of the jawbones submitted to the Oral Pathology Department of Dental School of Tehran University of Medical Sciences from 1984 to 2014. Demographic data included in the study were: age at diagnosis, gender and location of lesion. The lesions were divided into three groups of group 1: cystic lesions, group 2: tumors and tumor-like lesions, and group 3: infectious/ inflammatory/reactive lesions. Frequency and clinical data were analyzed using SPSS 22. Results: Of 972 non-odontogenic jaw lesions, the ratio of mandibular to maxillary lesions was 1.63:1. Female to male ratio was 1.33:1 and the mean age of patients was 29.09±16.90 years. The most common non-odontogenic jaw lesion was central giant cell granuloma (CGCG). In groups 1, 2 and 3, nasopalatine duct cyst, CGCG, and osteomyelitis were the most frequent lesions, respectively. Conclusions: Non-odontogenic lesions of the jawbones are a diverse group of lesions with different frequency and behavior. This study demonstrated that tumors and tumor-like lesions of the jaws were more common than cystic and infectious/ inflammatory/reactive lesions. Overall, the most common non-odontogenic jaw lesion was CGCG.   https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/1670 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/1670/952

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 3 2017 10 18 138 143 EN Mahmood Ghasemi Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Hana Lotfollahzadeh Dentist, Private Practice, Tehran, Iran Tahereh Kermani-Ranjbar Psychiatrist, Assistant Professor, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Javad Kharazifard Epidemiologist, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 07 04 2017 02 08 Objectives: The practice of dentistry has long been associated with high levels of occupational stress and anxiety and music has been shown as a method of reducing stress. Considering the reportedly high level of stress among dental students and its consequences and also considering the positive effect of music therapy, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between music practice and level of stress in dental students.   Materials and Methods: In this analytical, cross-sectional study, 88 students, including 44 with a history of music practice and 44 matched controls without music practice who met the defined inclusion criteria, participated. Upon obtaining written informed consent, all volunteers filled the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) and Beck depression inventory (BDI) questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and multiple linear regression test with backward method was used to evaluate the effect of demographic factors on anxiety and depression scores. Results: The level of anxiety was higher in students who did not have music practice and this difference was significant (P<0.001). The same was observed for depression (P=0.027). Other factors including age, gender, and being far from family had no significant effect on depression and anxiety (P>0.05). But level of anxiety and depression was higher in students of universities with tuition fee compared to free public institutes (P<0.05). Conclusions: It may be concluded that music practice can reduce anxiety and depression of dental students. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/1382 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/1382/953

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 3 2017 10 18 144 152 EN Mohammad Sadegh Ahmad Akhoundi Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ardavan Etemadi Assistant Professor, Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Periodontics, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Maryam Nasiri Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Elahe Soltanmohamadi Borujeni Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 08 06 2017 08 12 Objectives: Many studies have evaluated re-etched enamel by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM); however, there is no evidence regarding the use of Erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser at primary and secondary bonding instead of acid etching with regards to enamel surface changes. The purpose of the present study was to determine that whether or not the methods of primary and secondary enamel preparation affect enamel characteristics after rebonding, by using SEM analysis. Materials and Methods: Twelve freshly extracted premolars were divided into 4 groups. The samples in each group were conditioned by acid etchant or Er:YAG laser at primary conditioning, according to the instructions. Afterwards, they were bonded with orthodontic brackets. After debonding, the samples were prepared for second conditioning. Also, two samples were conditioned only once with acid etchant or laser, to compare enamel morphology changes with those after re-etching. Finally, buccal enamel surfaces were evaluated using SEM. Results: Enamel etching patterns were observed in the samples which had been acid-conditioned at first or at both conditionings. The samples irradiated by Er:YAG laser showed amorphous and irregular surfaces, with no signs of typical etching patterns. A large deep gap was seen in one of the samples irradiated with laser at primary and secondary conditionings, which might have penetrated the underling layers of enamel and dentin. Conclusions: Enamel surface preparation with Er:YAG laser produces irregular and indistinct morphologic changes, completely different from those produced after acid etching at both conditioning and reconditioning. Therefore, it is recommended to use this laser with caution to avoid permanent enamel damage. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/2086 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/2086/955

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 3 2017 10 18 153 158 EN Ehsan Mohamadian Amiri Postgraduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Fariba Balouch Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Faezeh Atri Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 05 30 2017 07 31 Objectives: Bonding of fiber posts to intracanal dentin is challenging in the clinical setting. This study aimed to compare the effect of self-adhesive and separate etch adhesive dual cure resin cements on the bond strength of fiber post to dentin at different parts of the root. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro experimental study was conducted on 20 single-rooted premolars. The teeth were decoronated at 1mm coronal to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), and the roots underwent root canal treatment. Post space was prepared in the roots. Afterwards, the samples were randomly divided into two groups. In group 1, the fiber posts were cemented using Rely X Unicem cement, while in group 2, the fiber posts were cemented using Duo-Link cement, according to the manufacturer's instructions. The intracanal post in each root was sectioned into three segments of coronal, middle, and apical, and each cross-section was subjected to push-out bond strength test at a crosshead speed of 1mm/minute until failure. Push-out bond strength data were analyzed using independent t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The bond strength at the middle and coronal segments in separate etch adhesive cement group was higher than that in self-adhesive cement group. However, the bond strength at the apical segment was higher in self-adhesive cement group compared to that in the other group. Overall, the bond strength in separate etch adhesive cement group was significantly higher than that in self-adhesive cement group (P<0.001). Conclusions: Bond strength of fiber post to intracanal dentin is higher after the use of separate etch adhesive cement compared to self-adhesive cement. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/1930 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/1930/956

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 3 2017 10 18 159 164 EN Hannaneh Ghadirian Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Depar ginger essential oil at each time was significantly more than distilled water (P<0.001). At 10 and 15min, there was no significant difference between nystatin and ginger essential oil groups (P=0.05). Conclusion: Ginger essential oil spray was found to be a simple and effective method for elimination of C. albicans adhering to acrylic discs. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/3312

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 20 0 2023 10 01 1 6 Sushilkumar Bagul SMBT Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India Sanjay Chandan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India Narayan Pandey Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India Sneha Choudhary Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Alignment Dental Care, Kolkata, WB, India 2021 06 12 2023 03 21 Oral schwannomas (OSs) are uncommon benign nerve sheath tumors accounting for 1% of all schwannomas and may arise from either soft tissue or bone. Cellular schwannoma is a rare histological variant of schwannoma which is characterized by increased cellularity. The most common intraoral site of occurrence is the tongue followed by the floor of the mouth and palate. Here, we are reporting a rare case of intraoral cellular schwannoma involving both facial and palatal gingiva of the right maxilla in a young Indian male patient. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/4098

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 20 0 2023 04 04 1 7 Farnoosh Razmara Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amirali Badri Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Xaniar Mahmoudi Student, School of Dentistry, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 06 04 2022 05 08 Objectives: This study was performed to find the most common types of maxillofacial fractures and their management in 3 to 18-year-old individuals referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Shariati Hospital in Tehran, during a 9-year period. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the records of 319 patients with maxillofacial fractures between 2012-2020, ranging in age from 3 to 18 years. Data regarding the etiology and location of the fracture, age, gender, and treatment approach were retrieved from the archival records and analyzed. Results: A total of 319 patients were included in the study, out of which, 255 (79.9%) were males and 64 (20.1%) were females. Motor-vehicle accidents were the most common cause of trauma (N=124, 38.9%). We recorded 605 fractures and among them, the parasymphysis (N=131, 21.6%) was the most common site of isolated fractures. Type of treatment varied depending on the fracture type and degree of displacement of the broken segments. It consisted of open reduction and internal fixation, and closed reduction procedures, which included the use of arch bars, ivy loops, lingual splints, and circummandibular wirings. Conclusion: Analysis of the results revealed that the severity of injury increased with age. Older individuals had higher a number of fracture sites and experienced greater displacement of the broken segments. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/4083

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 20 0 2023 04 15 1 7 Sneha Sharma Nair Hospital Dental College Freny Karjodkar Nair Hospital Dental College Kaustubh Sansare Nair Hospital Dental College Archana Mehra Government Dental Hospi