Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 4 2017 10 30 173 179 EN Alireza Heidari Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehdi Shahrabi Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Marzieh Salehi Shahrabi Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehdi Ghandehari Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Pegah Rahbar Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2017 05 16 2017 08 29 Objectives: Pulpal inflammation is often associated with odontogenic pain. Dental pulp is abundantly innervated with sensory fibers encompassing neuropeptides. Neurokinin A (NKA) and substance P (SP) are important neuropeptides in the dental pulp that can cause neurogenic inflammation. Since no previous study has assessed dental pulp neuropeptides in children, this study aimed to compare the level of NKA and SP in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of sound and symptomatic carious primary teeth. Materials and Methods: Samples of GCF were obtained of 20 sound and 20 painful carious primary teeth. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify neuropeptides in GCF. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, ANOVA, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and correlation coefficient test. Results: A significant difference was noted in the level of NKA in GCF of painful and sound teeth (2.23 pg/ml in painful, and 1.84 pg/ml in sound teeth, P<0.05). The difference between the two groups regarding SP was not significant (2.23 pg/ml in painful, and 2.02 pg/ml in sound teeth, P>0.05). Conclusions: The results showed that the level of NKA and SP was higher in GCF of painful teeth compared to that of sound teeth. This difference was statistically significant with regard to NKA. Thus, these neuropeptides can serve as indicators for pathological activities in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/1899 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/1899/960

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 4 2017 10 30 180 190 EN Zahra Momeni PhD Candidate, Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Katayoun Sargeran Assistant Professor, Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Reza Yazdani Associate Professor, Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shirin Shahbazi Sighaldeh Assistant Professor, Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 05 22 2017 07 27 Objectives: Oral health is an important aspect of general health and well-being for children. Understanding the viewpoint of mothers about children's oral health provides a basis for the development of interventions to improve oral care and disease prevention. The purpose of this study was to explore the perception of Iranian mothers regarding the oral health of their children. Materials and Methods: This descriptive qualitative study was the first phase of an exploratory mixed method design and collected data from April to May 2015 in Tehran, Iran. The qualitative data were collected through seven focus group discussions and three semi-structured interviews. The participants were 58 Iranian women who had a first grader. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: The main themes identified from the data were: (I) the definition of oral health, (II) the importance of maintaining oral health and dental treatment, (III) the effect of nutrition on children’s oral health, (IV) the role of oral health behaviors, (V) the causes of dental caries and malocclusion/crowding, (VI) the symptoms and causes of gum disease, (VII) the causes of halitosis. Conclusions: According to the mothers' perception, the main factors influencing children's oral health were: nutrition and oral health behaviors such as daily tooth brushing and flossing. The results of this study can be used to develop a model of oral health education and a prevention program for improving oral health among Iranian school-children. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/1913 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/1913/961

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 4 2017 10 30 191 202 EN Meysam Ganjibakhsh PhD Student, Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Pouyan Aminishakib Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Parvaneh Farzaneh Assistant Professor, Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Abbas Karimi Assistant Professor, Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli Associate Professor, Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Basic Science and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Sciences and Culture, Tehran, Iran Moones Rajabi Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ahmad Nasimian PhD Student, Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Fereshteh Baghaei Naini Associate Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hedieh Rahmati Researcher, Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Neda sadat Gohari Researcher, Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Nazanin Mohebali Researcher, Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Masoumeh Asadi Researcher, Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Zahra Elyasi Gorji Researcher, Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Mehrnaz Izadpanah PhD Student, Department of Applied Cell Science and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shiva Mohamadi Moghanjoghi Researcher, Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Sepideh Ashouri Researcher, Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran 2017 05 16 2017 09 06 Objectives: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent oral cancer worldwide. It is known as the eighth most common cancer in men and as the fifth most common cancer in women. Cytogenetic and biochemical studies in recent decades have emphasized the necessity of providing an appropriate tool for such researches. Cancer cell culture is a useful tool for investigations on biochemical, genetic, molecular and immunological characteristics of different cancers, including oral cancer. Here, we explain the establishment process of five primary oral cancer cells derived from an Iranian population. Materials and Methods: The specimens were obtained from five oral cancer patients. Enzymatic, explant culture and magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) methods were used for cell isolation. After quality control tests, characterization and authentication of primary oral cancer cells were performed by short tandem repeats (STR) profiling, chromosome analysis, species identification, and monitoring the growth, morphology and the expression of CD326 and CD133 markers. Results: Five primary oral cancer cells were established from an Iranian population. The flow cytometry results showed that the isolated cells were positive for CD326 and CD133 markers. Furthermore, the cells were free from mycoplasma, bacterial and fungal contamination. No misidentified or cross-contaminated cells were detected by STR analysis. Conclusions: Human primary oral cancer cells provide an extremely useful platform for studying carcinogenesis pathways of oral cancer in Iranian population. They may be helpful in explaining the ethnic differences in cancer biology and the individuality in anticancer drug response in future studies.   https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/1904 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/1904/962

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 4 2017 10 30 203 211 EN Minoo Shahidi Assistant Professor, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farzaneh Vaziri Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Ahmad Haerian Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Amir Farzanegan Postgraduate Student, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Soudeh Jafari Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Roya Sharifi Assistant Professor, Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Sadeghi Shirazi MSc Student, Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 02 27 2017 09 18 Objectives: It has been demonstrated that polyphenol components such as silymarin and resveratrol have anti-inflammatory properties. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the breakdown of dental supporting tissues and tooth loss. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of silymarin and resveratrol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Materials and Methods: HGFs were treated with different concentrations of silymarin and/or resveratrol (25, 50, 100 and 200μg/ml). The effects of silymarin and resveratrol on cell viability and proliferation were assessed by MTT assay and cell cycle analysis, respectively. Also, HGFs were treated with silymarin and/or resveratrol and were stimulated with LPS. The levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).  Results: After treatment with silymarin, the viability of fibroblasts significantly increased, whereas treatment with resveratrol did not have any significant effect on cell viability. However, the combination of these flavonoids (50µg/ml silymarin and 100µg/ml resveratrol) significantly increased the viability of fibroblasts. Resveratrol significantly inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 secretion by HGFs, but silymarin did not show such a significant effect.    Conclusions: The findings of the present study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol and its combination with silymarin. Therefore, the combination of silymarin and resveratrol may be useful as a therapeutic agent for treatment of periodontal diseases. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/1767 https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/download/1767/963

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 14 4 2017 10 30 212 223 EN Mahshid Saffarpour Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Maryam Mohammadi Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Mohammadreza Tahriri Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA Azadeh Zakerzadeh 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran 2017 04 16 2017 09 05 Objectives: This study assessed the efficacy of modified bioactive glass (MBG) for dentin remineralization and obstruction of dentinal tubules. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six dentin discs were made from 20 third molars and were stored in 12% lactic acid solution for two weeks to induce demineralization. The samples were divided into three groups (n=12): 1- BG, 2- BG modified with 5% strontium (Sr) and 3- BG modified with 10% Sr. After applying the BG, the samples were stored in artificial saliva for 7, 14 and 21 days. Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were used to assess remineralization. Also, 6 dentin discs were divided into three groups of BG, BG modified with 5% Sr and BG modified with 10% Sr, to examine tubular occlusion. The discs were etched using 0.5M of EDTA for two minutes and were stored in artificial saliva for 7 days. Changes in dentin surface morphology were evaluated under SEM. Results: Group 3 showed high rates of remineralization at days 7 and 14, although the rate decreased at day 21. Group 2 exhibited high rates of remineralization at days 7, 14 and 21. Dentinal tubules were partially oc ginger essential oil at each time was significantly more than distilled water (P<0.001). At 10 and 15min, there was no significant difference between nystatin and ginger essential oil groups (P=0.05). Conclusion: Ginger essential oil spray was found to be a simple and effective method for elimination of C. albicans adhering to acrylic discs. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/3312

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 20 0 2023 10 01 1 6 Sushilkumar Bagul SMBT Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India Sanjay Chandan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India Narayan Pandey Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India Sneha Choudhary Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Alignment Dental Care, Kolkata, WB, India 2021 06 12 2023 03 21 Oral schwannomas (OSs) are uncommon benign nerve sheath tumors accounting for 1% of all schwannomas and may arise from either soft tissue or bone. Cellular schwannoma is a rare histological variant of schwannoma which is characterized by increased cellularity. The most common intraoral site of occurrence is the tongue followed by the floor of the mouth and palate. Here, we are reporting a rare case of intraoral cellular schwannoma involving both facial and palatal gingiva of the right maxilla in a young Indian male patient. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/4098

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 20 0 2023 04 04 1 7 Farnoosh Razmara Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amirali Badri Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Xaniar Mahmoudi Student, School of Dentistry, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 06 04 2022 05 08 Objectives: This study was performed to find the most common types of maxillofacial fractures and their management in 3 to 18-year-old individuals referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Shariati Hospital in Tehran, during a 9-year period. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the records of 319 patients with maxillofacial fractures between 2012-2020, ranging in age from 3 to 18 years. Data regarding the etiology and location of the fracture, age, gender, and treatment approach were retrieved from the archival records and analyzed. Results: A total of 319 patients were included in the study, out of which, 255 (79.9%) were males and 64 (20.1%) were females. Motor-vehicle accidents were the most common cause of trauma (N=124, 38.9%). We recorded 605 fractures and among them, the parasymphysis (N=131, 21.6%) was the most common site of isolated fractures. Type of treatment varied depending on the fracture type and degree of displacement of the broken segments. It consisted of open reduction and internal fixation, and closed reduction procedures, which included the use of arch bars, ivy loops, lingual splints, and circummandibular wirings. Conclusion: Analysis of the results revealed that the severity of injury increased with age. Older individuals had higher a number of fracture sites and experienced greater displacement of the broken segments. https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/4083

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 20 0 2023 04 15 1 7 Sneha Sharma Nair Hospital Dental College Freny Karjodkar Nair Hospital Dental College Kaustubh Sansare Nair Hospital Dental College Archana Mehra Government Dental Hospital Mumbai Ankit Sharma Pacific Dental College Udaipur Mohd Saalim CHC Bhojpur, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh 2021 03 18 2022 06 11 Objectives: Age estimation is a crucial aspect of forensic odontology, and the Tooth Coronal Index (TCI) has been widely used for forensic purposes in determining age. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of TCI in age estimation. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, and TCI was calculated for the mandibular first premolar in 700 digital panoramic radiographs. Age was divided into five groups: 20-30 years, 31-40 years, 41-50 years, 51-60 years, and >61 years. Bivariate correlation was used to establish the relationship between TCI and age. Linear regression was calculated for the different age groups and genders. Inter-observer reliability and agreement were assessed using one-way ANOVA. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Comparison of the mean difference from actual age showed underestimation in males aged 20-30 years and overestimation in males over 60 years of age. The least difference between actual and calculated age was found in females aged 31-40 years. Inter-age comparison using ANOVA for females demonstrated a statistically highly significant difference from actual age in all age groups (P<0.01), with the highest mean in females aged 51-60 years and the lowest in females aged 31-40 years. Inter-group comparison of mean TCI revealed statistically non-significant differences in males and statistically highly significant differences in females (P<0.01). Conclusion: Age estimation using TCI on mandibular first premolars can be recommended as an easy, non-invasive, and less time-consuming method. This study suggests that regression formulas were more accurate for males aged 31-40 years https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/article/view/4002

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X 20 0 2023 05 02 1 8 Atefe Sharifian Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran Behnaz Esmaeili Associate Professor, Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran Hemmat Gholinia Assistant Professor, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol , IR Iran. Fariba Ezoji Associate Professor, Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran