Regenerative Treatment of Peri-implantitis: A Systematic Review
,
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the clinical efficacy of bone regeneration for treatment of peri-implantitis.
Materials and Methods: Electronic search of the literature was performed to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and case series on treatment of peri-implantitis using bone regeneration procedures with at least 6 months of follow-up. The guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) were applied. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias tool.
Results: Two RCTs and 16 case series with a total of 520 treated patients (2002 implants) were included. Bone regenerative procedures showed controversial results regarding bone fill. Two studies reported statistically significant bone gain while four studies reported insignificant bone gain. Other studies reported bone gain with no P value. Pocket depth (PD) reduction varied among the studies since four studies reported a significant reduction in PD while four others reported insignificant reduction in PD. Other studies reported a reduction in PD with no P value. Bone regeneration procedures seemed to decrease bleeding on probing (BOP) but they did not seem conducive to increase the width of keratinized gingiva. Increased keratinized gingiva was noted in cases with subepithelial grafts.
Conclusion: Evaluation of the effectiveness of bone regeneration techniques in this systematic review presented limitations related to heterogeneity in patient selection (age, history of periodontitis, smoking status and implant system), means of disinfection and decontamination, and variability of the materials used for treatment.
1. Poli PP, Cicciu M, Beretta M, Maiorana C. Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis: A current understanding of their diagnosis, clinical implications, and a report of treatment using a combined therapy approach. J Oral Implantol. 2017 Feb;43(1):45-50.
2. Sanz M, Chapple IL; Working Group 4 of the VIII European Workshop on Periodontology. Clinical research on peri-implant diseases: consensus report of Working Group 4. J Clin Periodontol. 2012 Feb;39 Suppl 12:202-6.
3. Zitzmann NU, Berglundh T. Definition and prevalence of peri-implant diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 2008 Sep;35(8 Suppl):286-91.
4. Fransson C, Wennström J, Tomasi C, Berglundh T. Extent of peri-implantitis-associated bone loss. J Clin Periodontol. 2009 Apr;36(4):357-63.
5. Albrektsson T, Buser D, Sennerby L. Crestal bone loss and oral implants. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012 Dec;14(6):783-91.
6. Koldsland OC, Scheie AA, Aass AM. Prevalence of peri-implantitis related to severity of the disease with different degrees of bone loss. J Periodontol. 2010 Feb;81(2):231-8.
7. Mir-Mari J, Mir-Orfila P, Figueiredo R, Valmaseda-Castellón E, Gay-Escoda C. Prevalence of peri-implant diseases. A cross-sectional study based on a private practice environment. J Clin Periodontol. 2012 May;39(5):490-4.
8. Karoussis IK, Salvi GE, Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Brägger U, Hämmerle CH, Lang NP. Long-term implant prognosis in patients with and without a history of chronic periodontitis: a 10-year prospective cohort study of the ITI Dental Implant System. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2003 Jun;14(3):329-39
9. Aglietta M, Siciliano VI, Rasperini G, Cafiero C, Lang NP, Salvi GE. A 10-year retrospective analysis of marginal bone-level changes around implants in periodontally healthy and periodontally compromised tobacco smokers. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011 Jan;22(1):47-53.
10. Levin L, Ofec R, Grossmann Y, Anner R. Periodontal disease as a risk for dental implant failure over time: a long-term historical cohort study. J Clin Periodontol. 2011 Aug;38(8):732-7.
11. Roccuzzo M, Bonino F, Aglietta M, Dalmasso P. Ten-year results of a three arms prospective cohort study on implants in periodontally compromised patients. Part 2: clinical results. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012 Apr;23(4):389-95.
12. Schwarz F, Sculean A, Rothamel D, Schwenzer K, Georg T, Becker J. Clinical evaluation of an Er:YAG laser for nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis: a pilot study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2005 Feb;16(1):44-52.
13. Schwarz F, Bieling K, Bonsmann M, Latz T, Becker J. Nonsurgical treatment of moderate and advanced periimplantitis lesions: a controlled clinical study. Clin Oral Investig. 2006 Dec;10(4):279-88.
14. Schwarz F, Bieling K, Nuesry E, Sculean A, Becker J. Clinical and histological healing pattern of peri-implantitis lesions following non-surgical treatment with an Er:YAG laser. Lasers Surg Med. 2006 Aug;38(7):663-71.
15. Renvert S, Lessem J, Dahlén G, Lindahl C, Svensson M. Topical minocycline microspheres versus topical chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to mechanical debridement of incipient peri-implant infections: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2006 May;33(5):362-9.
16. Renvert S, Lessem J, Dahlén G, Renvert H, Lindahl C. Mechanical and repeated antimicrobial therapy using a local drug delivery system in the treatment of peri-implantitis: a randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol. 2008 May;79(5):836-44.
17. Schwarz F, Jepsen S, Herten M, Sager M, Rothamel D, Becker J. Influence of different treatment approaches on non-submerged and submerged healing of ligature induced peri-implantitis lesions: an experimental study in dogs. J Clin Periodontol. 2006 Aug;33(8):584-95.
18. Khoury F, Buchmann R. Surgical therapy of peri-implant disease: a 3-year follow-up study of cases treated with 3 different techniques of bone regeneration. J Periodontol. 2001 Nov;72(11):1498-508.
19. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gøtzsche PC, Ioannidis JP, Clarke M, Devereaux PJ, Kleijnen J, Moher D. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009 Oct;62(10):e1-34.
20. Higgins JP, Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions: Cochrane Collaboration; 2016
21. Roos-Jansåker AM, Renvert H, Lindahl C, Renvert S. Submerged healing following surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: a case series. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 Aug;34(8):723-7.
22. Roos-Jansåker AM, Renvert H, Lindahl C, Renvert S. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis using a bone substitute with or without a resorbable membrane: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 Jul;34(7):625-32.
23. Roos-Jansåker AM, Lindahl C, Persson GR, Renvert S. Long-term stability of surgical bone regenerative procedures of peri-implantitis lesions in a prospective case-control study over 3 years. J Clin Periodontol. 2011 Jun;38(6):590-7.
24. Roos-Jansåker AM, Persson GR, Lindahl C, Renvert S. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis using a bone substitute with or without a resorbable membrane: a 5-year follow-up. J Clin Periodontol. 2014 Nov;41(11):1108-14.
25. Isehed C, Holmlund A, Renvert S, Svenson B, Johansson I, Lundberg P. Effectiveness of enamel matrix derivative on the clinical and microbiological outcomes following surgical regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis. A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2016 Oct;43(10):863-73.
26. Schwarz F, Sahm N, Bieling K, Becker J. Surgical regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis lesions using a nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite or a natural bone mineral in combination with a collagen membrane: a four-year clinical follow-up report. J Clin Periodontol. 2009 Sep;36(9):807-14.
27. Schwarz F, Sahm N, Becker J. Combined surgical therapy of advanced peri-implantitis lesions with concomitant soft tissue volume augmentation. A case series. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014 Jan;25(1):132-6.
28. Jepsen K, Jepsen S, Laine ML, Anssari Moin D, Pilloni A, Zeza B, et al. Reconstruction of peri-implant osseous defects: A multicenter randomized trial. J Dent Res. 2016 Jan;95(1):58-66.
29. Roccuzzo M, Gaudioso L, Lungo M, Dalmasso P. Surgical therapy of single peri-implantitis intrabony defects, by means of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen. J Clin Periodontol. 2016 Mar;43(3):311-8.
30. Parma-Benfenati S, Roncati M, Galletti P, Tinti C. Peri-implantitis treatment with a regenerative approach: clinical outcomes on reentry. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2015 Sep-Oct;35(5):625-36.
31. Froum SJ, Froum SH, Rosen PS. Successful management of peri-implantitis with a regenerative approach: a consecutive series of 51 treated implants with 3- to 7.5-year follow-up. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2012 Feb;32(1):11-20.
32. Froum SJ, Rosen PS. Reentry evaluation following treatment of peri-implantitis with a regenerative approach. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2014 Jan-Feb;34(1):47-59.
33. Froum SJ, Froum SH, Rosen PS. A regenerative approach to the successful treatment of peri-implantitis: A consecutive series of 170 implants in 100 patients with 2- to 10-year follow-up. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2015 Nov-Dec;35(6):857-63.
34. Romanos GE, Nentwig GH. Regenerative therapy of deep peri-implant infrabony defects after CO2 laser implant surface decontamination. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2008 Jun;28(3):245-55.
35. Matarasso S, Iorio Siciliano V, Aglietta M, Andreuccetti G, Salvi GE. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of a combined resective and regenerative approach in the treatment of peri-implantitis: a prospective case series. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014 Jul;25(7):761-7.
36. Arab H, Shiezadeh F, Moeintaghavi A, Anbiaei N, Mohamadi S. Comparison of two regenerative surgical treatments for peri-implantitis defect using Natix alone or in combination with Bio-Oss and collagen membrane. J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 2016;26(3):199-204.
37. Schwarz F, John G, Becker J. Reentry after combined surgical resective and regenerative therapy of advanced peri-implantitis: A retrospective analysis of five cases. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2015 Sep-Oct;35(5):647-53.
38. Wiltfang J, Zernial O, Behrens E, Schlegel A, Warnke PH, Becker ST. Regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis bone defects with a combination of autologous bone and a demineralized xenogenic bone graft: a series of 36 defects. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012 Jun;14(3):421-7.
39. Lagervall M, Jansson LE. Treatment outcome in patients with peri-implantitis in a periodontal clinic: a retrospective study. J Periodontol. 2013 Oct;84(10):1365-73.
40. Pavan Kumar G, Naga Sowmya B, Nandyala Sooraj H, Lopes M.A, Santos J D. Guided bone regeneration using glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite and collagen membrane in the treatment of peri-Implantitis. Solid State Phenom. 2013;207:109–19.
41. Kim JE, Kim HY, Huh JB, Lee JY, Shin SW. A two-stage surgical approach to the treatment of severe peri-implant defect: a 30-month clinical follow-up report. J Oral Implantol. 2014 Jun;40(3):299-305.
42. Thierbach R, Eger T. Clinical outcome of a nonsurgical and surgical treatment protocol in different types of peri-implantitis: a case series. Quintessence Int. 2013 Feb;44(2):137-48.
43. Roccuzzo M, Bonino F, Bonino L, Dalmasso P. Surgical therapy of peri-implantitis lesions by means of a bovine-derived xenograft: comparative results of a prospective study on two different implant surfaces. J Clin Periodontol. 2011 Aug;38(8):738-45.
44. Schwarz F, Sahm N, Schwarz K, Becker J. Impact of defect configuration on the clinical outcome following surgical regenerative therapy of peri-implantitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2010 May;37(5):449-55.
45. Schwarz F, Hegewald A, Sahm N, Becker J. Long-term follow-up of simultaneous guided bone regeneration using native and cross-linked collagen membranes over 6 years. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014 Sep;25(9):1010-5.
46. Schwarz F, Sahm N, Becker J. Impact of the outcome of guided bone regeneration in dehiscence-type defects on the long-term stability of peri-implant health: clinical observations at 4 years. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012 Feb;23(2):191-6.
47. Schwarz F, Hegewald A, John G, Sahm N, Becker J. Four-year follow-up of combined surgical therapy of advanced peri-implantitis evaluating two methods of surface decontamination. J Clin Periodontol. 2013 Oct;40(10):962-7.
48. Serino G, Turri A. Outcome of surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: results from a 2-year prospective clinical study in humans. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011 Nov;22(11):1214-20.
49. Cohen RE. Research, science and therapy committee, American Academy of Periodontology. Position paper: periodontal maintenance. J Periodontol. 2003 Sep;74(9):1395-401.
50. Salvi GE, Bardet P, Lang NP. Clinical parameters in longitudinal implant studies. In Proceeding of the 3rd European Workshop on Periodontology. London: Quintessence Publishing 1999 Jan 30:. 217-227.
51. Nyman S, Gottlow J, Karring T, Lindhe J. The regenerative potential of the periodontal ligament. An experimental study in the monkey. J Clin Periodontol. 1982 May;9(3):257-65.
52. Dahlin C, Sennerby L, Lekholm U, Linde A, Nyman S. Generation of new bone around titanium implants using a membrane technique: an experimental study in rabbits. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1989 Spring;4(1):19-25.
53. Hermann JS, Buser D. Guided bone regeneration for dental implants. Curr Opin Periodontol. 1996;3:168-77.
54. Rasmusson L, Sennerby L, Lundgren D, Nyman S. Morphological and dimensional changes after barrier removal in bone formed beyond the skeletal borders at titanium implants. A kinetic study in the rabbit tibia. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1997 Apr;8(2):103-16.
55. Becker W, Becker BE, Handlesman M, Celletti R, Ochsenbein C, Hardwick R, et al. Bone formation at dehisced dental implant sites treated with implant augmentation material: a pilot study in dogs. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1990;10(2):92-101.
56. Sahrmann P, Attin T, Schmidlin PR. Regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis using bone substitutes and membrane: a systematic review. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2011 Mar;13(1):46-57.
57. Khoshkam V, Chan HL, Lin GH, MacEachern MP, Monje A, Suarez F, et al. Reconstructive procedures for treating peri-implantitis: a systematic review. J Dent Res. 2013 Dec;92(12 Suppl):131S-8S.
2. Sanz M, Chapple IL; Working Group 4 of the VIII European Workshop on Periodontology. Clinical research on peri-implant diseases: consensus report of Working Group 4. J Clin Periodontol. 2012 Feb;39 Suppl 12:202-6.
3. Zitzmann NU, Berglundh T. Definition and prevalence of peri-implant diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 2008 Sep;35(8 Suppl):286-91.
4. Fransson C, Wennström J, Tomasi C, Berglundh T. Extent of peri-implantitis-associated bone loss. J Clin Periodontol. 2009 Apr;36(4):357-63.
5. Albrektsson T, Buser D, Sennerby L. Crestal bone loss and oral implants. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012 Dec;14(6):783-91.
6. Koldsland OC, Scheie AA, Aass AM. Prevalence of peri-implantitis related to severity of the disease with different degrees of bone loss. J Periodontol. 2010 Feb;81(2):231-8.
7. Mir-Mari J, Mir-Orfila P, Figueiredo R, Valmaseda-Castellón E, Gay-Escoda C. Prevalence of peri-implant diseases. A cross-sectional study based on a private practice environment. J Clin Periodontol. 2012 May;39(5):490-4.
8. Karoussis IK, Salvi GE, Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Brägger U, Hämmerle CH, Lang NP. Long-term implant prognosis in patients with and without a history of chronic periodontitis: a 10-year prospective cohort study of the ITI Dental Implant System. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2003 Jun;14(3):329-39
9. Aglietta M, Siciliano VI, Rasperini G, Cafiero C, Lang NP, Salvi GE. A 10-year retrospective analysis of marginal bone-level changes around implants in periodontally healthy and periodontally compromised tobacco smokers. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011 Jan;22(1):47-53.
10. Levin L, Ofec R, Grossmann Y, Anner R. Periodontal disease as a risk for dental implant failure over time: a long-term historical cohort study. J Clin Periodontol. 2011 Aug;38(8):732-7.
11. Roccuzzo M, Bonino F, Aglietta M, Dalmasso P. Ten-year results of a three arms prospective cohort study on implants in periodontally compromised patients. Part 2: clinical results. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012 Apr;23(4):389-95.
12. Schwarz F, Sculean A, Rothamel D, Schwenzer K, Georg T, Becker J. Clinical evaluation of an Er:YAG laser for nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis: a pilot study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2005 Feb;16(1):44-52.
13. Schwarz F, Bieling K, Bonsmann M, Latz T, Becker J. Nonsurgical treatment of moderate and advanced periimplantitis lesions: a controlled clinical study. Clin Oral Investig. 2006 Dec;10(4):279-88.
14. Schwarz F, Bieling K, Nuesry E, Sculean A, Becker J. Clinical and histological healing pattern of peri-implantitis lesions following non-surgical treatment with an Er:YAG laser. Lasers Surg Med. 2006 Aug;38(7):663-71.
15. Renvert S, Lessem J, Dahlén G, Lindahl C, Svensson M. Topical minocycline microspheres versus topical chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to mechanical debridement of incipient peri-implant infections: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2006 May;33(5):362-9.
16. Renvert S, Lessem J, Dahlén G, Renvert H, Lindahl C. Mechanical and repeated antimicrobial therapy using a local drug delivery system in the treatment of peri-implantitis: a randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol. 2008 May;79(5):836-44.
17. Schwarz F, Jepsen S, Herten M, Sager M, Rothamel D, Becker J. Influence of different treatment approaches on non-submerged and submerged healing of ligature induced peri-implantitis lesions: an experimental study in dogs. J Clin Periodontol. 2006 Aug;33(8):584-95.
18. Khoury F, Buchmann R. Surgical therapy of peri-implant disease: a 3-year follow-up study of cases treated with 3 different techniques of bone regeneration. J Periodontol. 2001 Nov;72(11):1498-508.
19. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gøtzsche PC, Ioannidis JP, Clarke M, Devereaux PJ, Kleijnen J, Moher D. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009 Oct;62(10):e1-34.
20. Higgins JP, Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions: Cochrane Collaboration; 2016
21. Roos-Jansåker AM, Renvert H, Lindahl C, Renvert S. Submerged healing following surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: a case series. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 Aug;34(8):723-7.
22. Roos-Jansåker AM, Renvert H, Lindahl C, Renvert S. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis using a bone substitute with or without a resorbable membrane: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 Jul;34(7):625-32.
23. Roos-Jansåker AM, Lindahl C, Persson GR, Renvert S. Long-term stability of surgical bone regenerative procedures of peri-implantitis lesions in a prospective case-control study over 3 years. J Clin Periodontol. 2011 Jun;38(6):590-7.
24. Roos-Jansåker AM, Persson GR, Lindahl C, Renvert S. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis using a bone substitute with or without a resorbable membrane: a 5-year follow-up. J Clin Periodontol. 2014 Nov;41(11):1108-14.
25. Isehed C, Holmlund A, Renvert S, Svenson B, Johansson I, Lundberg P. Effectiveness of enamel matrix derivative on the clinical and microbiological outcomes following surgical regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis. A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2016 Oct;43(10):863-73.
26. Schwarz F, Sahm N, Bieling K, Becker J. Surgical regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis lesions using a nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite or a natural bone mineral in combination with a collagen membrane: a four-year clinical follow-up report. J Clin Periodontol. 2009 Sep;36(9):807-14.
27. Schwarz F, Sahm N, Becker J. Combined surgical therapy of advanced peri-implantitis lesions with concomitant soft tissue volume augmentation. A case series. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014 Jan;25(1):132-6.
28. Jepsen K, Jepsen S, Laine ML, Anssari Moin D, Pilloni A, Zeza B, et al. Reconstruction of peri-implant osseous defects: A multicenter randomized trial. J Dent Res. 2016 Jan;95(1):58-66.
29. Roccuzzo M, Gaudioso L, Lungo M, Dalmasso P. Surgical therapy of single peri-implantitis intrabony defects, by means of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen. J Clin Periodontol. 2016 Mar;43(3):311-8.
30. Parma-Benfenati S, Roncati M, Galletti P, Tinti C. Peri-implantitis treatment with a regenerative approach: clinical outcomes on reentry. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2015 Sep-Oct;35(5):625-36.
31. Froum SJ, Froum SH, Rosen PS. Successful management of peri-implantitis with a regenerative approach: a consecutive series of 51 treated implants with 3- to 7.5-year follow-up. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2012 Feb;32(1):11-20.
32. Froum SJ, Rosen PS. Reentry evaluation following treatment of peri-implantitis with a regenerative approach. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2014 Jan-Feb;34(1):47-59.
33. Froum SJ, Froum SH, Rosen PS. A regenerative approach to the successful treatment of peri-implantitis: A consecutive series of 170 implants in 100 patients with 2- to 10-year follow-up. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2015 Nov-Dec;35(6):857-63.
34. Romanos GE, Nentwig GH. Regenerative therapy of deep peri-implant infrabony defects after CO2 laser implant surface decontamination. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2008 Jun;28(3):245-55.
35. Matarasso S, Iorio Siciliano V, Aglietta M, Andreuccetti G, Salvi GE. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of a combined resective and regenerative approach in the treatment of peri-implantitis: a prospective case series. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014 Jul;25(7):761-7.
36. Arab H, Shiezadeh F, Moeintaghavi A, Anbiaei N, Mohamadi S. Comparison of two regenerative surgical treatments for peri-implantitis defect using Natix alone or in combination with Bio-Oss and collagen membrane. J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 2016;26(3):199-204.
37. Schwarz F, John G, Becker J. Reentry after combined surgical resective and regenerative therapy of advanced peri-implantitis: A retrospective analysis of five cases. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2015 Sep-Oct;35(5):647-53.
38. Wiltfang J, Zernial O, Behrens E, Schlegel A, Warnke PH, Becker ST. Regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis bone defects with a combination of autologous bone and a demineralized xenogenic bone graft: a series of 36 defects. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012 Jun;14(3):421-7.
39. Lagervall M, Jansson LE. Treatment outcome in patients with peri-implantitis in a periodontal clinic: a retrospective study. J Periodontol. 2013 Oct;84(10):1365-73.
40. Pavan Kumar G, Naga Sowmya B, Nandyala Sooraj H, Lopes M.A, Santos J D. Guided bone regeneration using glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite and collagen membrane in the treatment of peri-Implantitis. Solid State Phenom. 2013;207:109–19.
41. Kim JE, Kim HY, Huh JB, Lee JY, Shin SW. A two-stage surgical approach to the treatment of severe peri-implant defect: a 30-month clinical follow-up report. J Oral Implantol. 2014 Jun;40(3):299-305.
42. Thierbach R, Eger T. Clinical outcome of a nonsurgical and surgical treatment protocol in different types of peri-implantitis: a case series. Quintessence Int. 2013 Feb;44(2):137-48.
43. Roccuzzo M, Bonino F, Bonino L, Dalmasso P. Surgical therapy of peri-implantitis lesions by means of a bovine-derived xenograft: comparative results of a prospective study on two different implant surfaces. J Clin Periodontol. 2011 Aug;38(8):738-45.
44. Schwarz F, Sahm N, Schwarz K, Becker J. Impact of defect configuration on the clinical outcome following surgical regenerative therapy of peri-implantitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2010 May;37(5):449-55.
45. Schwarz F, Hegewald A, Sahm N, Becker J. Long-term follow-up of simultaneous guided bone regeneration using native and cross-linked collagen membranes over 6 years. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014 Sep;25(9):1010-5.
46. Schwarz F, Sahm N, Becker J. Impact of the outcome of guided bone regeneration in dehiscence-type defects on the long-term stability of peri-implant health: clinical observations at 4 years. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012 Feb;23(2):191-6.
47. Schwarz F, Hegewald A, John G, Sahm N, Becker J. Four-year follow-up of combined surgical therapy of advanced peri-implantitis evaluating two methods of surface decontamination. J Clin Periodontol. 2013 Oct;40(10):962-7.
48. Serino G, Turri A. Outcome of surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: results from a 2-year prospective clinical study in humans. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011 Nov;22(11):1214-20.
49. Cohen RE. Research, science and therapy committee, American Academy of Periodontology. Position paper: periodontal maintenance. J Periodontol. 2003 Sep;74(9):1395-401.
50. Salvi GE, Bardet P, Lang NP. Clinical parameters in longitudinal implant studies. In Proceeding of the 3rd European Workshop on Periodontology. London: Quintessence Publishing 1999 Jan 30:. 217-227.
51. Nyman S, Gottlow J, Karring T, Lindhe J. The regenerative potential of the periodontal ligament. An experimental study in the monkey. J Clin Periodontol. 1982 May;9(3):257-65.
52. Dahlin C, Sennerby L, Lekholm U, Linde A, Nyman S. Generation of new bone around titanium implants using a membrane technique: an experimental study in rabbits. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1989 Spring;4(1):19-25.
53. Hermann JS, Buser D. Guided bone regeneration for dental implants. Curr Opin Periodontol. 1996;3:168-77.
54. Rasmusson L, Sennerby L, Lundgren D, Nyman S. Morphological and dimensional changes after barrier removal in bone formed beyond the skeletal borders at titanium implants. A kinetic study in the rabbit tibia. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1997 Apr;8(2):103-16.
55. Becker W, Becker BE, Handlesman M, Celletti R, Ochsenbein C, Hardwick R, et al. Bone formation at dehisced dental implant sites treated with implant augmentation material: a pilot study in dogs. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1990;10(2):92-101.
56. Sahrmann P, Attin T, Schmidlin PR. Regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis using bone substitutes and membrane: a systematic review. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2011 Mar;13(1):46-57.
57. Khoshkam V, Chan HL, Lin GH, MacEachern MP, Monje A, Suarez F, et al. Reconstructive procedures for treating peri-implantitis: a systematic review. J Dent Res. 2013 Dec;92(12 Suppl):131S-8S.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 17 (Continuously Published Article-Based) | |
| Section | Review Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v17i38.5291 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Peri-implantitis Dental Implantation Endosseous Dental Implants Guided Tissue Regeneration Bonegraft | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Amine K, Radaj Y, Gharibi A, Kissa J. Regenerative Treatment of Peri-implantitis: A Systematic Review. Front Dent. 2021;17.
