Efficacy of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound for Orthodontic Pain Control: A Randomized Clinical Trial
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Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) for orthodontic pain control.
Materials and Methods: This spilt-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 44 mandibular first molars of 22 orthodontic patients at the Orthodontics Department of Shahid Beheshti Dental University. Elastomeric separators were placed at the mesial and distal of mandibular right and left first molars by separating pliers. Randomly, LIPUS was used at one side for 7 min and the same device with 0-degree intensity was used as sham for the other side on the facial skin. The same procedure was repeated after 24 h. Patients recorded their level of pain at 1, 6, and 24 h, and also on days 2 to 7 after, using a visual analog scale (VAS).
Results: The effect of type of treatment (P=0.019), time of assessment (P<0.000) and the interaction effect of type of treatment and time of assessment (P=0.055) on the pain score were all significant. The mean pain score in the LIPUS group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 24 h (P=0.002), 4 days (P=0.031) and 5 days (P=0.035).
Conclusion: LIPUS can be safely used during orthodontic treatment for pain control since it is safe, non-invasive, low-cost, and easy to use.
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4. Krukemeyer AM, Arruda AO, Inglehart MR. Pain and orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 2009 Nov;79(6):1175-81.
5. Firestone AR, Scheurer PA, Bürgin WB. Patients' anticipation of pain and pain-related side effects, and their perception of pain as a result of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Eur J Orthod. 1999 Aug;21(4):387-96.
6. Bird SE, Williams K, Kula K. Preoperative acetaminophen vs ibuprofen for control of pain after orthodontic separator placement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007 Oct;132(4):504-10.
7. Dominguez A, Gomez C, Palma JC. Effects of low-level laser therapy on orthodontics: rate of tooth movement, pain, and release of RANKL and OPG in GCF. Lasers Med Sci. 2015 Feb;30(2):915-23.
8. Miller DL, Smith NB, Bailey MR, Czarnota GJ, Hynynen K, Makin IR, Bioeffects Committee of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine. Overview of therapeutic ultrasound applications and safety considerations. J Ultrasound Med. 2012 Apr;31(4):623-34.
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11. Hwang JY, Tee CH, Huang AT, Taft L. Effectiveness of thera-bite wafers in reducing pain. J Clin Orthod. 1994 May;28(5):291-2.
12. Krishnan V. Orthodontic pain: from causes to management--a review. Eur J Orthod. 2007 Apr;29(2):170-9.
13. Krasny M, Zadurska M, Cessak G, Fiedor P. Analysis of effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on teeth and oral tissues during orthodontic treatment. Report based on literature review. Acta Pol Pharm. 2013 May 1;70(3):573-7.
14. Roth PM, Thrash WJ. Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for controlling pain associated with orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986 Aug;90(2):132-8.
15. Otasevic M, Naini FB, Gill DS, Lee RT. Prospective randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of a masticatory bite wafer and
avoidance of hard food on pain associated with initial orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986 Aug;90(2):132-8.
16. Matusiak R, Harley KE. Paracetamol overdose in a teenager following placement of a fixed appliance. Dent Update. 2009 Jan 2;36(1):33-5.
17. Esposito CJ, Veal SJ, Farman AG. Alleviation of myofascial pain with ultrasonic therapy. J Prosthet Dent. 1984 Jan;51(1):106-8.
18. Tascioglu F, Kuzgun S, Armagan O, Ogutler G. Short-term effectiveness of ultrasound therapy in knee osteoarthritis. J Int Med Res. 2010 Aug;38(4):1233-42.
19. Rai S, Kaur M, Goel S, Panjwani S, Singh S. Prospective utility of therapeutic ultrasound in dentistry-Review with recent comprehensive update. Adv Biomed Res. 2012;1:47.
20. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver DM. Contemporary orthodontics, Elsevier Health Sciences, Mosby: Philadelphia. 2019 Chap 8:269.
21. Polat O, Karaman AI. Pain control during fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. Angle Orthod. 2005 Mar;75(2):214-9.
22. Vandevska-Radunovic V. Neural modulation of inflammatory reactions in dental tissues incident to orthodontic tooth movement. A review of the literature. Eur J Orthod. 1999 Jun;21(3):231-47.
23. Grieder A, Vinton PW, Cinotti WR, Kangur
TT. An evaluation of ultrasonic therapy for temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1971 Jan;31(1):25-31.
24. Patel S, McGorray SP, Yezierski R, Fillingim R, Logan H, Wheeler TT. Effects of analgesics on orthodontic pain. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011 Jan;139(1):e53-8.
25. Ngan P, Kess B, Wilson S. Perception of discomfort by patients undergoing orthodon.tic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989 Jul 1;96(1):47-53.
26. Majlesi J, Unalan H. High-power pain threshold ultrasound technique in the treatment of active myofascial trigger points: a randomized, double-blind, case-control study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 May;85(5):833-6.
27. Kropmans TJ, Dijkstra PU, Stegenga B, de Bont LG. Therapeutic outcome assessment in permanent temporomandibular joint disc displacement. 1999 May;26(5):357-63.
28. Tehranchi A, Badiee M, Younessian F, Badiei M, Haddadpour S. Effect of Low-intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Postorthognathic Surgery Healing Process. Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Jan;7(1):25-9.
2. Haynes S. Discontinuation of orthodontic treatment relative to patient age. J Dent. 1974 Jul;2(4):138-42.
3. L Sischo , H L Broder. Oral health-related quality of life: what, why, how, and future implications. J Dent Res. 2011 Nov;90(11):1264-70.
4. Krukemeyer AM, Arruda AO, Inglehart MR. Pain and orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 2009 Nov;79(6):1175-81.
5. Firestone AR, Scheurer PA, Bürgin WB. Patients' anticipation of pain and pain-related side effects, and their perception of pain as a result of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Eur J Orthod. 1999 Aug;21(4):387-96.
6. Bird SE, Williams K, Kula K. Preoperative acetaminophen vs ibuprofen for control of pain after orthodontic separator placement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007 Oct;132(4):504-10.
7. Dominguez A, Gomez C, Palma JC. Effects of low-level laser therapy on orthodontics: rate of tooth movement, pain, and release of RANKL and OPG in GCF. Lasers Med Sci. 2015 Feb;30(2):915-23.
8. Miller DL, Smith NB, Bailey MR, Czarnota GJ, Hynynen K, Makin IR, Bioeffects Committee of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine. Overview of therapeutic ultrasound applications and safety considerations. J Ultrasound Med. 2012 Apr;31(4):623-34.
9. Eslamian L, Borzabadi-Farahani A, Edini HZ, Badiee MR, Lynch E, Mortazavi A. The analgesic effect of benzocaine mucoadhesive patches on orthodontic pain caused by elastomeric separators, a preliminary study. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013 Sep;71(5):1168-73.
10. Eslamian L, Borzabadi-Farahani A, Hassanzadeh-Azhiri A, Badiee MR, Fekrazad R. The effect of 810-nm low-level laser therapy on pain caused by orthodontic elastomeric separators. Lasers Med Sci. 2014 Mar;29(2):559-64.
11. Hwang JY, Tee CH, Huang AT, Taft L. Effectiveness of thera-bite wafers in reducing pain. J Clin Orthod. 1994 May;28(5):291-2.
12. Krishnan V. Orthodontic pain: from causes to management--a review. Eur J Orthod. 2007 Apr;29(2):170-9.
13. Krasny M, Zadurska M, Cessak G, Fiedor P. Analysis of effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on teeth and oral tissues during orthodontic treatment. Report based on literature review. Acta Pol Pharm. 2013 May 1;70(3):573-7.
14. Roth PM, Thrash WJ. Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for controlling pain associated with orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986 Aug;90(2):132-8.
15. Otasevic M, Naini FB, Gill DS, Lee RT. Prospective randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of a masticatory bite wafer and
avoidance of hard food on pain associated with initial orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986 Aug;90(2):132-8.
16. Matusiak R, Harley KE. Paracetamol overdose in a teenager following placement of a fixed appliance. Dent Update. 2009 Jan 2;36(1):33-5.
17. Esposito CJ, Veal SJ, Farman AG. Alleviation of myofascial pain with ultrasonic therapy. J Prosthet Dent. 1984 Jan;51(1):106-8.
18. Tascioglu F, Kuzgun S, Armagan O, Ogutler G. Short-term effectiveness of ultrasound therapy in knee osteoarthritis. J Int Med Res. 2010 Aug;38(4):1233-42.
19. Rai S, Kaur M, Goel S, Panjwani S, Singh S. Prospective utility of therapeutic ultrasound in dentistry-Review with recent comprehensive update. Adv Biomed Res. 2012;1:47.
20. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver DM. Contemporary orthodontics, Elsevier Health Sciences, Mosby: Philadelphia. 2019 Chap 8:269.
21. Polat O, Karaman AI. Pain control during fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. Angle Orthod. 2005 Mar;75(2):214-9.
22. Vandevska-Radunovic V. Neural modulation of inflammatory reactions in dental tissues incident to orthodontic tooth movement. A review of the literature. Eur J Orthod. 1999 Jun;21(3):231-47.
23. Grieder A, Vinton PW, Cinotti WR, Kangur
TT. An evaluation of ultrasonic therapy for temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1971 Jan;31(1):25-31.
24. Patel S, McGorray SP, Yezierski R, Fillingim R, Logan H, Wheeler TT. Effects of analgesics on orthodontic pain. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011 Jan;139(1):e53-8.
25. Ngan P, Kess B, Wilson S. Perception of discomfort by patients undergoing orthodon.tic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989 Jul 1;96(1):47-53.
26. Majlesi J, Unalan H. High-power pain threshold ultrasound technique in the treatment of active myofascial trigger points: a randomized, double-blind, case-control study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 May;85(5):833-6.
27. Kropmans TJ, Dijkstra PU, Stegenga B, de Bont LG. Therapeutic outcome assessment in permanent temporomandibular joint disc displacement. 1999 May;26(5):357-63.
28. Tehranchi A, Badiee M, Younessian F, Badiei M, Haddadpour S. Effect of Low-intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Postorthognathic Surgery Healing Process. Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Jan;7(1):25-9.
| Issue | Vol 18 (Continuously Published Article-Based) | |
| Section | Original Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v18i38.7607 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Orthodontics Pain Ultrasonics | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Badiee M, Tehranchi A, Behnia P, Khatibzadeh K. Efficacy of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound for Orthodontic Pain Control: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Dent. 2021;18.
