Designing and Evaluation of an Elective Oral Health Course for Fifth-Year Medical Students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention on oral health-related knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical students.
Materials and Methods: This study was performed on the fifth-year medical students attending an elective oral health course at the Faculty of Dentistry of Tehran University (intervention group) and 25 other students attending another elective course (control group) in 2018. A 2-week internship program including 6 sessions of a workshop program plus 2 days of school field and 2 days of attending dental departments was designed for the intervention group. Before and after the intervention, students completed a questionnaire and their simplified debris index was calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24 by paired-sample t-test and general linear regression.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 24.84±1.31 years in the intervention group and 23.64±1.28 years in the control group. There were 14 (56%) males in the intervention group and 16 (64%) males in the control group. At baseline, the mean knowledge, attitude and practice scores of the control and intervention groups were 26.28, 14.20 and 10.88, and 27.84, 15.80, and 9.36, respectively. After the intervention, the knowledge, attitude, debris index and willingness to adhere to oral health measures significantly improved (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Oral health-related knowledge, attitude and practice of medical students were not desirable at baseline. The present study showed that even a short-term intervention in this field was effective to improve the oral health concepts in this group.
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2. Oyetola EO, Oyewole T, Adedigba M, Aregbesola ST, Umezudike K, Adewale A. Knowledge and awareness of medical doctors, medical students and nurses about dentistry in Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J. 2016 Apr;23(1):72-4
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4. Duff M, Dahlen HG, Burns E, Priddis H, Schmied V, George A. Designing an oral health module for the Bachelor of Midwifery program at an Australian University. Nurse Educ Pract. 2017 Mar;23:76-81.
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7. Cooper D, Kim J, Duderstadt K, Stewart R, Lin B, Alkon A. Interprofessional oral health education improves knowledge, confidence, and practice for pediatric healthcare providers. Front Public Health. 2017 Aug;14(5):209.
8. Lewis CW, Grossman DC, Domoto PK, Deyo RA. The role of the pediatrician in the oral health of children: A national survey. Pediatrics. 2000 Dec;106(6):E84.
9. Hendricson WD, Cohen PA. Oral health care in the 21st century: implications for dental and medical education. Acad Med. 2001 Dec;76(12):1181-206.
10. Mouradian WE, Schaad DC, Kim S, Leggott PJ, Domoto PS, Maier R, et al. Addressing disparities in children's oral health: a dental-medical partnership to train family practice residents. J Dent Educ. 2003 Aug;67(8):886-95.
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12. Douglass JM, Douglass AB, Silk HJ. Infant oral health education for pediatric and family practice residents. Pediatr Dent 2005;27(4):284-91.
13. Lewis C, Lynch H, Richardson L. Fluoride varnish use in primary care: what do providers think? Pediatrics. 2005 Jan;115(1):69-76.
14. Forbes J, Sierra T, Papa J. Advancing Oral Health Knowledge and Attitudes of Physician Assistant Students Using the Smiles for Life Oral Health Curriculum. Fam Med. 2018 Nov;50(10):775-8.
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16. Rabiei S, Mohebbi SZ, Yazdani R, Virtanen JI. Primary care nurses' awareness of and willingness to perform children's oral health care. BMC Oral Health. 2014 Mar;14(1):26.
17. Rabiei S, Mohebbi SZ, Patja K, Virtanen JI. Physicians' knowledge of and adherence to improving oral health. BMC Public Health. 2012 Oct;12(1):855.
18. Alshunaiber R, Alzaid H, Meaigel S, Aldeeri A, Adlan A. Early childhood caries and infant's oral health; pediatricians' and family physicians' practice, knowledge and attitude in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Dent J. 2019 Jan;31(Suppl):96-105.
19. Park SE, Donoff RB, Saldana F. The impact of integrating oral health education into a medical curriculum. Med Princ Pract. 2017 Jan;26(1):61-5.
20. Chandiwal S, Yoon RK. Assessment of an infant oral health education program on resident physician knowledge. J Dent Child (Chic). 2012 May- Aug;79(2):49-52.
21. Sabbagh HJ, El-Kateb M, Al Nowaiser A, Hanno AG, Alamoudi NH. Assessment of pediatricians dental knowledge, attitude and behavior in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2011 Summer;35(4):371-6.
22. Prakash P, Lawrence HP, Harvey BJ, McIsaac WJ, Limeback H, Leake JL. Early childhood caries and infant oral health: Paediatricians' and family physicians' knowledge, practices and training. Paediatr Child Health. 2006 Mar;11(3):151-7.
23. Skeie MS, Skaret E, Espelid I, Misvær N. Do public health nurses in Norway promote information on oral health? BMC Oral Health. 2011 Sep;11(1):23.
24. Golinveaux J, Gerbert B, Cheng J, Duderstadt K, Alkon A, Mullen S, et al. Oral health education for pediatric nurse practitioner students. J Dent Educ. 2013 May;77(5):581-90.
25. Schaff-Blass E, Rozier RG, Chattopadhyay A, Quiñonez R, Vann WF Jr. Effectiveness of an educational intervention in oral health for pediatric residents. Ambul Pediatr. 2006 May-Jun;6(3):157-64.
26. Hallas D, Shelley D. Role of pediatric nurse practitioners in oral health care. Acad Pediatr. 2009 Nov-Dec;9(6):462-6.
27. Nicely S. Oral health education among physician assistant students: AT Still University of Health Sciences; 2015.
28. Ghasemi H, Murtomaa H, Vehkalahti MM, Torabzadeh H. Determinants of oral health behavior among Iranian dentists. Int Dent J. 2007 Aug;57(4):237-42.
29. Berkowitz O, Brisotti MF, Gascon L, Henshaw M, Kaufman LB. The impact of an interprofessional oral health curriculum on trainees. J Physician Assist Educ. 2017 Mar;28(1):2-9.
30. Graham E, Negron R, Domoto P, Milgrom P. Children's oral health in the medical curriculum: a collaborative intervention at a university-affiliated hospital. J Dent Educ. 2003 Mar;67(3):338-47.
31. Mouradian WE, Reeves A, Kim S, Evans R, Schaad D, Marshall SG, et al. An oral health curriculum for medical students at the University of Washington. Acad Med. 2005 May;80(5):434-42.
32. Douglass AB, Douglass JM, Krol DM. Educating pediatricians and family physicians in children's oral health. Acad Pediatr. 2009 Nov- Dec;9(6):452-6.
33. Kay EJ, Locker D. Is dental health education effective? A systematic review of current evidence. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1996 Aug;24(4):231-5.
34. Lafzi A, Abolfazli N, Sedaghat K, Momeni M. The evaluation of oral hygiene instruction in reduction of plaque index. J Dent Sch Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci. 2005 Dec;23(3):475-83.
35. Mohebbi SZ, Yazdani R, Sargeran K, Tartar Z, Janeshin A. Midwifery students training in oral care of pregnant patients: an interventional study. J Dent. 2014 Sep;11(5):587-95.
36. SohrabiVafa M, Rezaei L, Soltanian A, Hazavehei S, Moeini B. The effect of education based on Health Belief Model (HBM) in decreasing dental plaque index among first grade of middle-school girl students in Hamadan. J Urmia Nurs Midwifery Fac. 2013 Sep;11(8):639-48.
37. Goodarzi A, Heidarnia A, Niknami S, Heidarnia M. Efficacy of educational film for enhancing oral health knowledge, attitude and performance of elementary students. J Dent Sch. 2014 Mar;32(4):197- 201.
38. Di Giuseppe G, Nobile CG, Marinelli A, Angelillo IF. Knowledge, attitude and practices of pediatricians regarding the prevention of oral diseases in Italy. BMC Public Health. 2006 Jul 5;(6):176.
39. Baseer MA, Alenazy MS, Alasqah M, Algabbani M, Mehkari A. Oral health knowledge, attitude and practices among health professionals in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2012 Jul;9(4):386-92.
40. Kateeb E. Gender-specific oral health attitudes and behaviour among dental students in Palestine. East Mediterr Health J. 2010 Mar;16(3):329-33.
2. Oyetola EO, Oyewole T, Adedigba M, Aregbesola ST, Umezudike K, Adewale A. Knowledge and awareness of medical doctors, medical students and nurses about dentistry in Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J. 2016 Apr;23(1):72-4
3. Ramirez JH, Arce R, Contreras A. Why must physicians know about oral diseases? Teach Learn Med. 2010 Apr;22(2):148-55.
4. Duff M, Dahlen HG, Burns E, Priddis H, Schmied V, George A. Designing an oral health module for the Bachelor of Midwifery program at an Australian University. Nurse Educ Pract. 2017 Mar;23:76-81.
5. Mohebbi SZ, Yazdani R, Mirmolaei ST, Tartar Z, Janeshin A. Effect of an educational intervention on midwifery students' knowledge and preparedness about oral health care in pregnant mothers. J Dent Med. 2013 Jan;26(4):306-13.
6. Nicely SL. Effects of a comprehensive oral health curriculum on knowledge, behavior, and attitude of physician assistant students. J Physician Assist Educ. 2016 Jun;27(2):73-6.
7. Cooper D, Kim J, Duderstadt K, Stewart R, Lin B, Alkon A. Interprofessional oral health education improves knowledge, confidence, and practice for pediatric healthcare providers. Front Public Health. 2017 Aug;14(5):209.
8. Lewis CW, Grossman DC, Domoto PK, Deyo RA. The role of the pediatrician in the oral health of children: A national survey. Pediatrics. 2000 Dec;106(6):E84.
9. Hendricson WD, Cohen PA. Oral health care in the 21st century: implications for dental and medical education. Acad Med. 2001 Dec;76(12):1181-206.
10. Mouradian WE, Schaad DC, Kim S, Leggott PJ, Domoto PS, Maier R, et al. Addressing disparities in children's oral health: a dental-medical partnership to train family practice residents. J Dent Educ. 2003 Aug;67(8):886-95.
11. Krol DM. Educating pediatricians on children's oral health: past, present, and future. Pediatrics. 2004 May;113(5):487-92.
12. Douglass JM, Douglass AB, Silk HJ. Infant oral health education for pediatric and family practice residents. Pediatr Dent 2005;27(4):284-91.
13. Lewis C, Lynch H, Richardson L. Fluoride varnish use in primary care: what do providers think? Pediatrics. 2005 Jan;115(1):69-76.
14. Forbes J, Sierra T, Papa J. Advancing Oral Health Knowledge and Attitudes of Physician Assistant Students Using the Smiles for Life Oral Health Curriculum. Fam Med. 2018 Nov;50(10):775-8.
15. World Health Organization. Oral health surveys: basic methods. World Health Organization; 2013.
16. Rabiei S, Mohebbi SZ, Yazdani R, Virtanen JI. Primary care nurses' awareness of and willingness to perform children's oral health care. BMC Oral Health. 2014 Mar;14(1):26.
17. Rabiei S, Mohebbi SZ, Patja K, Virtanen JI. Physicians' knowledge of and adherence to improving oral health. BMC Public Health. 2012 Oct;12(1):855.
18. Alshunaiber R, Alzaid H, Meaigel S, Aldeeri A, Adlan A. Early childhood caries and infant's oral health; pediatricians' and family physicians' practice, knowledge and attitude in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Dent J. 2019 Jan;31(Suppl):96-105.
19. Park SE, Donoff RB, Saldana F. The impact of integrating oral health education into a medical curriculum. Med Princ Pract. 2017 Jan;26(1):61-5.
20. Chandiwal S, Yoon RK. Assessment of an infant oral health education program on resident physician knowledge. J Dent Child (Chic). 2012 May- Aug;79(2):49-52.
21. Sabbagh HJ, El-Kateb M, Al Nowaiser A, Hanno AG, Alamoudi NH. Assessment of pediatricians dental knowledge, attitude and behavior in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2011 Summer;35(4):371-6.
22. Prakash P, Lawrence HP, Harvey BJ, McIsaac WJ, Limeback H, Leake JL. Early childhood caries and infant oral health: Paediatricians' and family physicians' knowledge, practices and training. Paediatr Child Health. 2006 Mar;11(3):151-7.
23. Skeie MS, Skaret E, Espelid I, Misvær N. Do public health nurses in Norway promote information on oral health? BMC Oral Health. 2011 Sep;11(1):23.
24. Golinveaux J, Gerbert B, Cheng J, Duderstadt K, Alkon A, Mullen S, et al. Oral health education for pediatric nurse practitioner students. J Dent Educ. 2013 May;77(5):581-90.
25. Schaff-Blass E, Rozier RG, Chattopadhyay A, Quiñonez R, Vann WF Jr. Effectiveness of an educational intervention in oral health for pediatric residents. Ambul Pediatr. 2006 May-Jun;6(3):157-64.
26. Hallas D, Shelley D. Role of pediatric nurse practitioners in oral health care. Acad Pediatr. 2009 Nov-Dec;9(6):462-6.
27. Nicely S. Oral health education among physician assistant students: AT Still University of Health Sciences; 2015.
28. Ghasemi H, Murtomaa H, Vehkalahti MM, Torabzadeh H. Determinants of oral health behavior among Iranian dentists. Int Dent J. 2007 Aug;57(4):237-42.
29. Berkowitz O, Brisotti MF, Gascon L, Henshaw M, Kaufman LB. The impact of an interprofessional oral health curriculum on trainees. J Physician Assist Educ. 2017 Mar;28(1):2-9.
30. Graham E, Negron R, Domoto P, Milgrom P. Children's oral health in the medical curriculum: a collaborative intervention at a university-affiliated hospital. J Dent Educ. 2003 Mar;67(3):338-47.
31. Mouradian WE, Reeves A, Kim S, Evans R, Schaad D, Marshall SG, et al. An oral health curriculum for medical students at the University of Washington. Acad Med. 2005 May;80(5):434-42.
32. Douglass AB, Douglass JM, Krol DM. Educating pediatricians and family physicians in children's oral health. Acad Pediatr. 2009 Nov- Dec;9(6):452-6.
33. Kay EJ, Locker D. Is dental health education effective? A systematic review of current evidence. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1996 Aug;24(4):231-5.
34. Lafzi A, Abolfazli N, Sedaghat K, Momeni M. The evaluation of oral hygiene instruction in reduction of plaque index. J Dent Sch Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci. 2005 Dec;23(3):475-83.
35. Mohebbi SZ, Yazdani R, Sargeran K, Tartar Z, Janeshin A. Midwifery students training in oral care of pregnant patients: an interventional study. J Dent. 2014 Sep;11(5):587-95.
36. SohrabiVafa M, Rezaei L, Soltanian A, Hazavehei S, Moeini B. The effect of education based on Health Belief Model (HBM) in decreasing dental plaque index among first grade of middle-school girl students in Hamadan. J Urmia Nurs Midwifery Fac. 2013 Sep;11(8):639-48.
37. Goodarzi A, Heidarnia A, Niknami S, Heidarnia M. Efficacy of educational film for enhancing oral health knowledge, attitude and performance of elementary students. J Dent Sch. 2014 Mar;32(4):197- 201.
38. Di Giuseppe G, Nobile CG, Marinelli A, Angelillo IF. Knowledge, attitude and practices of pediatricians regarding the prevention of oral diseases in Italy. BMC Public Health. 2006 Jul 5;(6):176.
39. Baseer MA, Alenazy MS, Alasqah M, Algabbani M, Mehkari A. Oral health knowledge, attitude and practices among health professionals in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2012 Jul;9(4):386-92.
40. Kateeb E. Gender-specific oral health attitudes and behaviour among dental students in Palestine. East Mediterr Health J. 2010 Mar;16(3):329-33.
| Issue | Vol 19 (Continuously Published Article-Based) | |
| Section | Original Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v19i29.10600 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Program Evaluation Oral Health Students Medical | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Mohebbi S, Yazdani R, Mohebbi H. Designing and Evaluation of an Elective Oral Health Course for Fifth-Year Medical Students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Front Dent. 2022;19.
