Effects of a Universal Adhesive System and the Snow-Plow Technique on Microleakage of Class II Composite Restorations in Primary Molars
Abstract
Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of using a universal adhesive and application of a flowable composite by the snow-plow technique on microleakage of Class II composite restorations in primary molars.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, Class II cavities were prepared with their gingival margin at the cementoenamel junction in the proximal surfaces of 90 freshly extracted primary molars. The teeth were then assigned to 3 groups (n=30) for the application of a universal adhesive (Single Bond Universal) in total-etch and self-etch modes and a conventional etch-and-rinse adhesive (Single Bond 2). Each group was divided into 3 subgroups (n=10) for restoration without a flowable liner (control), application of a precured flowable liner, and using a flowable composite as liner by the snow-plow technique. After 1000 thermal cycles, the gingival margin microleakage was evaluated using the fluid filtration technique. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (alpha=0.05).
Results: Type of adhesive, unlike liner application (P=0.579), had a significant effect on microleakage (P=0.01). Application of universal adhesive (whether in self-etch or total-etch mode) resulted in less microleakage than the conventional etch-and-rinse adhesive. There was no statistically significant difference between the two application modes of the universal adhesive (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Application of Single Bond universal adhesive for composite restoration of primary molars may improve the marginal seal and decrease microleakage
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2. Mahrous AI, Eltiti HA, Ahmed IM, Alagha EI. Effect of different gingival margin restorations of class II cavities on microleakage: an in-vitro study. Electron Physician. 2015 Nov;7(7):1435-40.
3. Kaisarly D, Gezawi ME. Polymerization shrinkage assessment of dental resin composites: a literature review. Odontology. 2016 Sep;104(3):257-70.
4. Kleverlaan CJ, Feilzer AJ. Polymerization shrinkage and contraction stress of dental resin composites. Dent Mater. 2005 Dec;21(12):1150-7.
5. Suliman AH, Boyer DB, Lakes RS. Polymerization shrinkage of composite resins: comparison with tooth deformation. J Prosthet Dent. 1994 Jan;71(1):7-12.
6. Fuks AB, Araujo FB, Osorio LB, Hadani PE, Pinto AS. Clinical and radiographic assessment of Class II esthetic restorations in primary molars. Pediatr Dent. 2000 Nov-Dec;22(6):479-85.
7. Kemp-Scholte CM, Davidson CL. Marginal integrity related to bond strength and strain capacity of composite resin restorative systems. J Prosthet Dent. 1990 Dec;64(6):658-64.
8. Moazzami SM, Sarabi N, Hajizadeh H, Majidinia S, Li Y, Meharry MR. et al. Efficacy of four lining materials in sandwich technique to reduce microleakage in class II composite resin restorations. Oper Dent. 2014 May-Jun;39(3):256-63.
9. Agrawal V, Kapoor S. Effect of fiber reinforcement on microleakage of class II cavities restored with a novel G-aenial posterior composite, silorane composite, and nanohybrid composite: an in vitro comparative study. J Investig Clin Dent. 2017 May;8(2): e12205.
10. Summitt J, Robbins J, Hilton T, Schwartz R. dos Santos J. Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry: A Contemporary Approach. fourth ed. Quintessence books, 2006.p.450.
11. Choi KK, Condon JR, Ferracane JL. The effects of adhesive thickness on polymerization contraction stress of composite. J Dent Res. 2000 Mar;79(3):812-7.
12. Kasraei S, Azarsina M, Majidi S. In vitro comparison of microleakage of posterior resin composites with and without liner using two-step etch-and-rinse and self-etch dentin adhesive systems. Oper Dent. 2011 Mar-Apr;36(2):213-21.
13. Attar N, Turgut MD, Güngör HC. The effect of flowable resin composites as gingival increments on the microleakage of posterior resin composites. Oper Dent. 2004 Mar-Apr;29(2):162-7.
14. Korkmaz Y, Ozel E, Attar N. Effect of flowable composite lining on microleakage and internal voids in Class II composite restorations. J Adhes Dent. 2007 Apr;9(2):189-94.
15. Ozel E, Soyman M. Effect of fiber nets, application techniques and flowable composites on microleakage and the effect of fiber nets on polymerization shrinkage in class II MOD cavities. Oper Dent. 2009 Mar-Apr;34(2):174-80.
16. Stefanski S, van Dijken JW. Clinical performance of a nanofilled resin composite with and without an intermediary layer of flowable composite: a 2-year evaluation. Clin Oral Investig. 2012 Feb;16(1):147-53.
17. Chuang SF, Jin YT, Liu JK, Chang CH, Shieh DB. Influence of flowable composite lining thickness on Class II composite restorations. Oper Dent. 2004 May-Jun;29(3):301-8.
18. Tredwin CJ, Stokes A, Moles DR. Influence of flowable liner and margin location on microleakage of conventional and packable class II resin composites. Oper Dent. 2005 Jan-Feb;30(1):32-8.
19. Ziskind D, Adell I, Teperovich E, Peretz B. The effect of an intermediate layer of flowable composite resin on microleakage in packable composite restorations. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2005 Sep;15(5):349-54.
20. Boruziniat A, Gharaee S, Sarraf Shirazi A, Majidinia S, Vatanpour M. Evaluation of the efficacy of flowable composite as lining material on microleakage of composite resin restorations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Quintessence Int. 2016 Feb;47(2):93-101.
21. Harada TS, Pazinatto FB, Wang L, Atta MT. Effect of the number of coats of simplified adhesive systems on microleakage of dentin-bordered composite restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2006 Nov;7(5):34-41.
22. Malekipour MR, Shirani F, Tahmourespour S. The effect of cutting efficacy of diamond burs on microleakage of class v resin composite restorations using total etch and self etch adhesive systems. J Dent (Tehran). 2010 Fall;7(4):218-25.
23. Vermelho PM, Reis AF, Ambrosano GMB, Giannini M. Adhesion of multimode adhesives to enamel and dentin after one year of water storage. Clin Oral Investig. 2017 Jun;21(5):1707-15.
24. Heymann HO, Swift EJ, Ritter AV. Sturdevant's Art & Science of Operative Dentistry-E-Book. fifth edition. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2012.p.242-244.
25. Hanabusa M, Mine A, Kuboki T, Momoi Y, Van Ende A, Van Meerbeek B, et al. Bonding effectiveness of a new 'multi-mode' adhesive to enamel and dentine. J Dent. 2012 Jun;40(6):475-84.
26. Muñoz MA, Luque I, Hass V, Reis A, Loguercio AD, Bombarda NH. Immediate bonding properties of universal adhesives to dentine. J Dent. 2013 May;41(5):404-11.
27. Lenzi TL, Soares FZM, de Oliveira Rocha R. Does bonding approach influence the bond strength of universal adhesive to dentin of primary teeth? J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2017;41(3):214-8.
28. Thanaratikul B, Santiwong B, Harnirattisai C. Self-etch or etch-and-rinse mode did not affect the microshear bond strength of a universal adhesive to primary dentin. Dental materials journal 2016;35:174-179.
29. Rosa WL, Piva E, Silva AF. Bond strength of universal adhesives: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent. 2015 Jul;43(7):765-76.
30. Pitchika V, Metz I, Rothmaier K, Crispin A, Hickel R, Bücher K, et al. Comparison of different protocols for performing adhesive restorations in primary teeth - A retrospective clinical study. J Adhes Dent. 2016 Sep;18(5):447-53.
31. Yoshida Y, Yoshihara K, Nagaoka N, Hayakawa S, Torii Y, Ogawa T, et al. Self-assembled nano-layering at the adhesive interface. J Dent Res. 2012 Apr;91(4):376-81.
32. Karaman E, Güler E. Marginal adaptation of Class V restorations with a new universal adhesive. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2016 Jan-Feb;36(1):125-30.
33. Gupta A, Tavane P, Gupta PK, Tejolatha B, Lakhani AA, Tiwari R, et al. Evaluation of microleakage with total etch, self etch and universal adhesive systems in Class V restorations: an in vitro study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Apr;11(4):ZC53-6.
34. Güngör HC, Canoğlu E, Cehreli ZC. The effects of dentin adhesives and liner materials on the microleakage of class II resin composite restorations in primary and permanent teeth. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2014 Spring;38(3):223-8.
35. Reddy SN, Jayashankar DN, Nainan M, Shivanna V. The effect of flowable composite lining thickness with various curing techniques on microleakage in class II composite restorations: an in vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2013 Jan;14(1):56-60.
36. Sensi LG, Marson FC, Monteiro S Jr, Baratieri LN, Caldeira de Andrada MA. Flowable composites as "filled adhesives:" a microleakage study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2004 Nov;5(4):32-41.
37. Nematollahi H, Bagherian A, Ghazvini K, Esmaily H, Mehr MA. Microbial microleakage assessment of class V cavities restored with different materials and techniques: A laboratory study. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2017 Sep-Oct;14(5):344-50.
38. Bore Gowda V, Sreenivasa Murthy BV, Hegde S, Venkataramanaswamy SD, Pai VS, Krishna R. Evaluation of gingival microleakage in Class II composite restorations with different lining techniques: An in vitro study. Scientifica (Cairo). 2015:2015:896507.
39. Nikhil V, Jha P, Suri NK. Effect of methods of evaluation on sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate apical plug. J Conserv Dent. 2016 May-Jun;19(3):231-4.
40. Jafari F, Jafari S. Importance and methodologies of endodontic microleakage studies: A systematic review. J Clin Exp Dent. 2017 Jun;9(6):e812-9.
2. Mahrous AI, Eltiti HA, Ahmed IM, Alagha EI. Effect of different gingival margin restorations of class II cavities on microleakage: an in-vitro study. Electron Physician. 2015 Nov;7(7):1435-40.
3. Kaisarly D, Gezawi ME. Polymerization shrinkage assessment of dental resin composites: a literature review. Odontology. 2016 Sep;104(3):257-70.
4. Kleverlaan CJ, Feilzer AJ. Polymerization shrinkage and contraction stress of dental resin composites. Dent Mater. 2005 Dec;21(12):1150-7.
5. Suliman AH, Boyer DB, Lakes RS. Polymerization shrinkage of composite resins: comparison with tooth deformation. J Prosthet Dent. 1994 Jan;71(1):7-12.
6. Fuks AB, Araujo FB, Osorio LB, Hadani PE, Pinto AS. Clinical and radiographic assessment of Class II esthetic restorations in primary molars. Pediatr Dent. 2000 Nov-Dec;22(6):479-85.
7. Kemp-Scholte CM, Davidson CL. Marginal integrity related to bond strength and strain capacity of composite resin restorative systems. J Prosthet Dent. 1990 Dec;64(6):658-64.
8. Moazzami SM, Sarabi N, Hajizadeh H, Majidinia S, Li Y, Meharry MR. et al. Efficacy of four lining materials in sandwich technique to reduce microleakage in class II composite resin restorations. Oper Dent. 2014 May-Jun;39(3):256-63.
9. Agrawal V, Kapoor S. Effect of fiber reinforcement on microleakage of class II cavities restored with a novel G-aenial posterior composite, silorane composite, and nanohybrid composite: an in vitro comparative study. J Investig Clin Dent. 2017 May;8(2): e12205.
10. Summitt J, Robbins J, Hilton T, Schwartz R. dos Santos J. Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry: A Contemporary Approach. fourth ed. Quintessence books, 2006.p.450.
11. Choi KK, Condon JR, Ferracane JL. The effects of adhesive thickness on polymerization contraction stress of composite. J Dent Res. 2000 Mar;79(3):812-7.
12. Kasraei S, Azarsina M, Majidi S. In vitro comparison of microleakage of posterior resin composites with and without liner using two-step etch-and-rinse and self-etch dentin adhesive systems. Oper Dent. 2011 Mar-Apr;36(2):213-21.
13. Attar N, Turgut MD, Güngör HC. The effect of flowable resin composites as gingival increments on the microleakage of posterior resin composites. Oper Dent. 2004 Mar-Apr;29(2):162-7.
14. Korkmaz Y, Ozel E, Attar N. Effect of flowable composite lining on microleakage and internal voids in Class II composite restorations. J Adhes Dent. 2007 Apr;9(2):189-94.
15. Ozel E, Soyman M. Effect of fiber nets, application techniques and flowable composites on microleakage and the effect of fiber nets on polymerization shrinkage in class II MOD cavities. Oper Dent. 2009 Mar-Apr;34(2):174-80.
16. Stefanski S, van Dijken JW. Clinical performance of a nanofilled resin composite with and without an intermediary layer of flowable composite: a 2-year evaluation. Clin Oral Investig. 2012 Feb;16(1):147-53.
17. Chuang SF, Jin YT, Liu JK, Chang CH, Shieh DB. Influence of flowable composite lining thickness on Class II composite restorations. Oper Dent. 2004 May-Jun;29(3):301-8.
18. Tredwin CJ, Stokes A, Moles DR. Influence of flowable liner and margin location on microleakage of conventional and packable class II resin composites. Oper Dent. 2005 Jan-Feb;30(1):32-8.
19. Ziskind D, Adell I, Teperovich E, Peretz B. The effect of an intermediate layer of flowable composite resin on microleakage in packable composite restorations. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2005 Sep;15(5):349-54.
20. Boruziniat A, Gharaee S, Sarraf Shirazi A, Majidinia S, Vatanpour M. Evaluation of the efficacy of flowable composite as lining material on microleakage of composite resin restorations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Quintessence Int. 2016 Feb;47(2):93-101.
21. Harada TS, Pazinatto FB, Wang L, Atta MT. Effect of the number of coats of simplified adhesive systems on microleakage of dentin-bordered composite restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2006 Nov;7(5):34-41.
22. Malekipour MR, Shirani F, Tahmourespour S. The effect of cutting efficacy of diamond burs on microleakage of class v resin composite restorations using total etch and self etch adhesive systems. J Dent (Tehran). 2010 Fall;7(4):218-25.
23. Vermelho PM, Reis AF, Ambrosano GMB, Giannini M. Adhesion of multimode adhesives to enamel and dentin after one year of water storage. Clin Oral Investig. 2017 Jun;21(5):1707-15.
24. Heymann HO, Swift EJ, Ritter AV. Sturdevant's Art & Science of Operative Dentistry-E-Book. fifth edition. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2012.p.242-244.
25. Hanabusa M, Mine A, Kuboki T, Momoi Y, Van Ende A, Van Meerbeek B, et al. Bonding effectiveness of a new 'multi-mode' adhesive to enamel and dentine. J Dent. 2012 Jun;40(6):475-84.
26. Muñoz MA, Luque I, Hass V, Reis A, Loguercio AD, Bombarda NH. Immediate bonding properties of universal adhesives to dentine. J Dent. 2013 May;41(5):404-11.
27. Lenzi TL, Soares FZM, de Oliveira Rocha R. Does bonding approach influence the bond strength of universal adhesive to dentin of primary teeth? J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2017;41(3):214-8.
28. Thanaratikul B, Santiwong B, Harnirattisai C. Self-etch or etch-and-rinse mode did not affect the microshear bond strength of a universal adhesive to primary dentin. Dental materials journal 2016;35:174-179.
29. Rosa WL, Piva E, Silva AF. Bond strength of universal adhesives: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent. 2015 Jul;43(7):765-76.
30. Pitchika V, Metz I, Rothmaier K, Crispin A, Hickel R, Bücher K, et al. Comparison of different protocols for performing adhesive restorations in primary teeth - A retrospective clinical study. J Adhes Dent. 2016 Sep;18(5):447-53.
31. Yoshida Y, Yoshihara K, Nagaoka N, Hayakawa S, Torii Y, Ogawa T, et al. Self-assembled nano-layering at the adhesive interface. J Dent Res. 2012 Apr;91(4):376-81.
32. Karaman E, Güler E. Marginal adaptation of Class V restorations with a new universal adhesive. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2016 Jan-Feb;36(1):125-30.
33. Gupta A, Tavane P, Gupta PK, Tejolatha B, Lakhani AA, Tiwari R, et al. Evaluation of microleakage with total etch, self etch and universal adhesive systems in Class V restorations: an in vitro study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Apr;11(4):ZC53-6.
34. Güngör HC, Canoğlu E, Cehreli ZC. The effects of dentin adhesives and liner materials on the microleakage of class II resin composite restorations in primary and permanent teeth. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2014 Spring;38(3):223-8.
35. Reddy SN, Jayashankar DN, Nainan M, Shivanna V. The effect of flowable composite lining thickness with various curing techniques on microleakage in class II composite restorations: an in vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2013 Jan;14(1):56-60.
36. Sensi LG, Marson FC, Monteiro S Jr, Baratieri LN, Caldeira de Andrada MA. Flowable composites as "filled adhesives:" a microleakage study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2004 Nov;5(4):32-41.
37. Nematollahi H, Bagherian A, Ghazvini K, Esmaily H, Mehr MA. Microbial microleakage assessment of class V cavities restored with different materials and techniques: A laboratory study. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2017 Sep-Oct;14(5):344-50.
38. Bore Gowda V, Sreenivasa Murthy BV, Hegde S, Venkataramanaswamy SD, Pai VS, Krishna R. Evaluation of gingival microleakage in Class II composite restorations with different lining techniques: An in vitro study. Scientifica (Cairo). 2015:2015:896507.
39. Nikhil V, Jha P, Suri NK. Effect of methods of evaluation on sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate apical plug. J Conserv Dent. 2016 May-Jun;19(3):231-4.
40. Jafari F, Jafari S. Importance and methodologies of endodontic microleakage studies: A systematic review. J Clin Exp Dent. 2017 Jun;9(6):e812-9.
| Issue | Vol 22 (Continuously Published Article-Based) | |
| Section | Original Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v22i17.18688 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Composite Resins Dental Bonding Tooth Deciduous Dental Leakage | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Gifani M, Noghani M, Shirazi A, Boruziniat A. Effects of a Universal Adhesive System and the Snow-Plow Technique on Microleakage of Class II Composite Restorations in Primary Molars. Front Dent. 2025;22.
