Maxillofacial Fracture Types and their Management in 3- to 18-year-old Individuals Referred to Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
Maxillofacial Fracture Treatment in 3-18-year-olds
Abstract
Objectives: This study was performed to find the most common types of maxillofacial fractures and their management in 3 to 18-year-old individuals referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Shariati Hospital in Tehran, during a 9-year period.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the records of 319 patients with maxillofacial fractures between 2012-2020, ranging in age from 3 to 18 years. Data regarding the etiology and location of the fracture, age, gender, and treatment approach were retrieved from the archival records and analyzed.
Results: A total of 319 patients were included in the study, out of which, 255 (79.9%) were males and 64 (20.1%) were females. Motor-vehicle accidents were the most common cause of trauma (N=124, 38.9%). We recorded 605 fractures and among them, the parasymphysis (N=131, 21.6%) was the most common site of isolated fractures. Type of treatment varied depending on the fracture type and degree of displacement of the broken segments. It consisted of open reduction and internal fixation, and closed reduction procedures, which included the use of arch bars, ivy loops, lingual splints, and circummandibular wirings.
Conclusion: Analysis of the results revealed that the severity of injury increased with age. Older individuals had higher a number of fracture sites and experienced greater displacement of the broken segments.
1. Conrotto D, Carbone M, Carrozzo M, Arduino P, Broccoletti R, Pentenero M, Gandolfo S. Ciclosporin vs. clobetasol in the topical management of atrophic and erosive oral lichen planus: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2006 Jan;154(1):139-45.
2. Gonzalez-Moles MA, Morales P, Rodriguez-Archilla A, Isabel IR, Gonzalez-Moles S. Treatment of severe chronic oral erosive lesions with clobetasol propionate in aqueous solution. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2002 Mar;93(3):264-70.
3. Rödström PO, Hakeberg M, Jontell M, Nordin P. Erosive oral lichen planus treated with clobetasol propionate and triamcinolone acetonide in Orabase: a double-blind clinical trial. J Dermatolog Treat. 1994 Jan 1;5(1):7-10.
4. Hayes SM. Lichen planus--report of successful treatment with aloe vera. Gen Dent. 1999 May-Jun;47(3):268-72.
5. Raksha B, Pooja S, Babu S. Bioactive compounds and medicinal properties of Aloe vera L.: an update. J Plant Sci. 2014;2(3):102-7.
6. Rajeswari R, Umadevi M, Rahale CS, Pushpa R, Selvavenkadesh S, Kumar KS, et al. Aloe vera: the miracle plant its medicinal and traditional uses in India. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2012;1(4):118-24.
7. Saeed MA, Ahmad I, Yaqub U, Akbar S, Waheed A, Saleem M, Din N. Aloe vera: A plant of vital significance. Sci. Vision. 2003;9(1-2):1-3.
8. Reddy RL, Reddy RS, Ramesh T, Singh TR, Swapna LA, Laxmi NV. Randomized trial of aloe vera gel vs triamcinolone acetonide ointment in the treatment of oral lichen planus. Quintessence Int. 2012 Oct;43(9):793-800.
9. Carbone M, Arduino PG, Carrozzo M, Caiazzo G, Broccoletti R, Conrotto D. et all, Topical clobetasol in the treatment of atrophic-erosive oral lichen planus: a randomized controlled trial to compare two preparations with different concentrations. J Oral Pathol Med. 2009 Feb;38(2):227-33.
10. Choonhakarn C, Busaracome P, Sripanidkulchai B, Sarakarn P. The efficacy of aloe vera gel in the treatment of oral lichen planus: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2008 Mar;158(3):573-7.
11. Pol JS, Patil BA, Sodhi A, Tadiparthi J. Evaluation of therapeutic effect of Aloe Vera juice and gel in the management of symptomatic oral lichen planus. Int J Med Dent Sci. 2016 July;5(2): 1138-44
12. Thongprasom K, Luangjarmekorn L, Sererat T, Taweesap W. Relative efficacy of fluocinolone acetonide compared with triamcinolone acetonide in treatment of oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med. 1992 Nov;21(10):456-8.
13. Piboonniyom SO, Treister N, Pitiphat W, Woo SB. Scoring system for monitoring oral lichenoid lesions: a preliminary study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005 Jun;99(6):696-703.
14. Park HK, Hurwitz S, Woo SB. Oral lichen planus: REU scoring system correlates with pain. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2012 Jul;114(1):75-82.
15. Escudier M, Ahmed N, Shirlaw P, Setterfield J, Tappuni A, Black MM. et all, A scoring system for mucosal disease severity with special reference to oral lichen planus. Br J Dermatol. 2007 Oct;157(4):765-70.
16. Wang J, van der Waal I. Disease scoring systems for oral lichen planus; a critical appraisal. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2015 Mar 1;20(2):e199-204.
17. Pindborg JJ, Mehta FS, Daftary DK, Gupta PC, Bhonsle RB. Prevalence of oral lichen planus among 7639 Indian villagers in Kerala, South India. Acta Derm Venereol. 1972;52(3):216-20.
18. Chainani-Wu N, Silverman S Jr, Lozada-Nur F, Mayer P, Watson JJ. Oral lichen planus: patient profile, disease progression and treatment responses. J Am Dent Assoc. 2001 Jul;132(7):901-9.
19. Salazar-Sánchez N, López-Jornet P, Camacho-Alonso F, Sánchez-Siles M. Efficacy of topical Aloe vera in patients with oral lichen planus: a randomized double-blind study. J Oral Pathol Med. 2010 Nov;39(10):735-40.
20. Gallagher J, Gray M. Is aloe vera effective for healing chronic wounds? J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2003 Mar;30(2):68-71.
21. Mangaiyarkarasi SP, Manigandan T, Elumalai M, Cholan PK, Kaur RP. Benefits of Aloe vera in dentistry. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2015 Apr;7(Suppl 1):S255-9.
22. Nair GR, Naidu GS, Jain S, Nagi R, Makkad RS, Jha A. Clinical Effectiveness of Aloe Vera in the Management of Oral Mucosal Diseases- A Systematic Review. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Aug;10(8):ZE01-7.
23. Nidhin N, Prashanth S, Laxmikanth C, Veena KM, Rao PK, Prabhu RV. et all, Aloe vera: a boon to dentistry. World J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2014;3(8):334-40.
24. Sahu PK, Giri DD, Singh R, Pandey P, Gupta S, Shrivastava AK. et all, Therapeutic and medicinal uses of Aloe vera: a review. Pharmacol Pharm. 2013 Nov 8;4(08):599.
25. Mansourian A, Momen-Heravi F, Saheb-Jamee M, Esfehani M, Khalilzadeh O, Momen-Beitollahi J. Comparison of aloe vera mouthwash with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% on oral lichen planus: a randomized double-blinded clinical trial. Am J Med Sci. 2011 Dec;342(6):447-51.
26. Choi S, Chung MH. A review on the relationship between Aloe vera components and their biologic effects. Sem integr Med 2003 Mar 1;1(1):53-62.
27. Steenkamp V, Stewart MJ. Medicinal applications and toxicological activities of Aloe. Products. Pharm Biol. 2007 Jan 1;45(5):411-20.
28. Reynolds T, Dweck AC. Aloe vera leaf gel: a review update. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999 Dec 15;68(1-3):3-37.
29. Shelton RM. Aloe vera. Its chemical and therapeutic properties. Int J Dermatol. 1991 Oct;30(10):679-83.
2. Gonzalez-Moles MA, Morales P, Rodriguez-Archilla A, Isabel IR, Gonzalez-Moles S. Treatment of severe chronic oral erosive lesions with clobetasol propionate in aqueous solution. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2002 Mar;93(3):264-70.
3. Rödström PO, Hakeberg M, Jontell M, Nordin P. Erosive oral lichen planus treated with clobetasol propionate and triamcinolone acetonide in Orabase: a double-blind clinical trial. J Dermatolog Treat. 1994 Jan 1;5(1):7-10.
4. Hayes SM. Lichen planus--report of successful treatment with aloe vera. Gen Dent. 1999 May-Jun;47(3):268-72.
5. Raksha B, Pooja S, Babu S. Bioactive compounds and medicinal properties of Aloe vera L.: an update. J Plant Sci. 2014;2(3):102-7.
6. Rajeswari R, Umadevi M, Rahale CS, Pushpa R, Selvavenkadesh S, Kumar KS, et al. Aloe vera: the miracle plant its medicinal and traditional uses in India. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2012;1(4):118-24.
7. Saeed MA, Ahmad I, Yaqub U, Akbar S, Waheed A, Saleem M, Din N. Aloe vera: A plant of vital significance. Sci. Vision. 2003;9(1-2):1-3.
8. Reddy RL, Reddy RS, Ramesh T, Singh TR, Swapna LA, Laxmi NV. Randomized trial of aloe vera gel vs triamcinolone acetonide ointment in the treatment of oral lichen planus. Quintessence Int. 2012 Oct;43(9):793-800.
9. Carbone M, Arduino PG, Carrozzo M, Caiazzo G, Broccoletti R, Conrotto D. et all, Topical clobetasol in the treatment of atrophic-erosive oral lichen planus: a randomized controlled trial to compare two preparations with different concentrations. J Oral Pathol Med. 2009 Feb;38(2):227-33.
10. Choonhakarn C, Busaracome P, Sripanidkulchai B, Sarakarn P. The efficacy of aloe vera gel in the treatment of oral lichen planus: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2008 Mar;158(3):573-7.
11. Pol JS, Patil BA, Sodhi A, Tadiparthi J. Evaluation of therapeutic effect of Aloe Vera juice and gel in the management of symptomatic oral lichen planus. Int J Med Dent Sci. 2016 July;5(2): 1138-44
12. Thongprasom K, Luangjarmekorn L, Sererat T, Taweesap W. Relative efficacy of fluocinolone acetonide compared with triamcinolone acetonide in treatment of oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med. 1992 Nov;21(10):456-8.
13. Piboonniyom SO, Treister N, Pitiphat W, Woo SB. Scoring system for monitoring oral lichenoid lesions: a preliminary study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005 Jun;99(6):696-703.
14. Park HK, Hurwitz S, Woo SB. Oral lichen planus: REU scoring system correlates with pain. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2012 Jul;114(1):75-82.
15. Escudier M, Ahmed N, Shirlaw P, Setterfield J, Tappuni A, Black MM. et all, A scoring system for mucosal disease severity with special reference to oral lichen planus. Br J Dermatol. 2007 Oct;157(4):765-70.
16. Wang J, van der Waal I. Disease scoring systems for oral lichen planus; a critical appraisal. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2015 Mar 1;20(2):e199-204.
17. Pindborg JJ, Mehta FS, Daftary DK, Gupta PC, Bhonsle RB. Prevalence of oral lichen planus among 7639 Indian villagers in Kerala, South India. Acta Derm Venereol. 1972;52(3):216-20.
18. Chainani-Wu N, Silverman S Jr, Lozada-Nur F, Mayer P, Watson JJ. Oral lichen planus: patient profile, disease progression and treatment responses. J Am Dent Assoc. 2001 Jul;132(7):901-9.
19. Salazar-Sánchez N, López-Jornet P, Camacho-Alonso F, Sánchez-Siles M. Efficacy of topical Aloe vera in patients with oral lichen planus: a randomized double-blind study. J Oral Pathol Med. 2010 Nov;39(10):735-40.
20. Gallagher J, Gray M. Is aloe vera effective for healing chronic wounds? J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2003 Mar;30(2):68-71.
21. Mangaiyarkarasi SP, Manigandan T, Elumalai M, Cholan PK, Kaur RP. Benefits of Aloe vera in dentistry. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2015 Apr;7(Suppl 1):S255-9.
22. Nair GR, Naidu GS, Jain S, Nagi R, Makkad RS, Jha A. Clinical Effectiveness of Aloe Vera in the Management of Oral Mucosal Diseases- A Systematic Review. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Aug;10(8):ZE01-7.
23. Nidhin N, Prashanth S, Laxmikanth C, Veena KM, Rao PK, Prabhu RV. et all, Aloe vera: a boon to dentistry. World J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2014;3(8):334-40.
24. Sahu PK, Giri DD, Singh R, Pandey P, Gupta S, Shrivastava AK. et all, Therapeutic and medicinal uses of Aloe vera: a review. Pharmacol Pharm. 2013 Nov 8;4(08):599.
25. Mansourian A, Momen-Heravi F, Saheb-Jamee M, Esfehani M, Khalilzadeh O, Momen-Beitollahi J. Comparison of aloe vera mouthwash with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% on oral lichen planus: a randomized double-blinded clinical trial. Am J Med Sci. 2011 Dec;342(6):447-51.
26. Choi S, Chung MH. A review on the relationship between Aloe vera components and their biologic effects. Sem integr Med 2003 Mar 1;1(1):53-62.
27. Steenkamp V, Stewart MJ. Medicinal applications and toxicological activities of Aloe. Products. Pharm Biol. 2007 Jan 1;45(5):411-20.
28. Reynolds T, Dweck AC. Aloe vera leaf gel: a review update. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999 Dec 15;68(1-3):3-37.
29. Shelton RM. Aloe vera. Its chemical and therapeutic properties. Int J Dermatol. 1991 Oct;30(10):679-83.
| Issue | Vol 20 (Continuously Published Article-Based) | |
| Section | Original Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v20i5.12359 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Maxillofacial Injuries Mandibular Fracture Maxillary Fracture Athletic Injuries | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Razmara F, Badri A, Mahmoudi X. Maxillofacial Fracture Types and their Management in 3- to 18-year-old Individuals Referred to Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Front Dent. 2023;20:1-7.
