Comparative Assessment of the Shear Bond Strength of Ceramic Brackets Bonded to the Enamel Surface with a Self-adhesive System
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength of ceramic brackets bonded to the enamel surface using Vertise Flow, with or without the application of phosphoric acid.
Materials and Methods: Forty-five extracted human premolar teeth were randomly assigned to three groups (N=15) based on the adhesive used for bonding: 1) Transbond XT, etch, and bond; 2) Vertise Flow; 3) Etch and Vertise Flow. After a 500-round thermocycling procedure, the shear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine. The samples were then evaluated under a stereomicroscope to determine failure modes, and the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was measured for each group. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tamhane at a significance level of P<0.05.
Results: The highest shear bond strength values were observed in the Transbond XT (13.5±5.38MPa), acid etch and Vertise Flow (11.2±2.89MPa), and Vertise Flow (6.2±3.16MPa) groups, respectively, in descending order. The Vertise Flow group exhibited a significantly lower shear bond strength value compared to the other two groups, with no significant difference between the latter two.
Conclusion: While all three study groups demonstrated clinically acceptable shear bond strength values, Vertise Flow showed lower values compared to the other two adhesives. The Vertise Flow composite resin system, whether used alone or with acid etching, remains a suitable choice for bonding ceramic brackets, offering the advantage of a simplified bonding procedure.
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2. Kilponen L, Varrela J, Vallittu PK. Priming and bonding metal, ceramic and polycarbonate brackets. Biomater Investig Dent. 2019 Nov 6;6(1):61-72.
3. Pasquale A, Weinstein M, Borislow AJ, Braitman LE. In-vivo prospective comparison of bond failure rates of 2 self-etching primer/adhesive systems. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007 Nov;132(5):671-4.
4. Scougall-Vilchis RJ, Zárate-Díaz C, Kusakabe S, Yamamoto K. Bond strengths of different orthodontic adhesives after enamel conditioning with the same self-etching primer. Aust Orthod J. 2010 May;26(1):84-9.
5. Goracci C, Margvelashvili M, Giovannetti A, Vichi A, Ferrari M. Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with a new self-adhering flowable resin composite. Clin Oral Investig. 2013 Mar;17(2):609-17.
6. İşman E, Karaarslan ES, Okşayan R, Tunçdemır AR, Üşümez S, Adanir N.et al. Inadequate shear bond strengths of self-etch, self-adhesive systems for secure orthodontic bonding. Dent Mater J. 2012;31(6):947-53.
7. Rangappa A, Srinivasulu J, Rangaswamy V, Eregowda S, Lakshminarasimhaiah V, Lingareddy U. Comparative evaluation of bond strength of self-adhering flowable composites to the dentin prepared with different burs: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent. 2018 Nov-Dec;21(6):618-621.
8. Veli I, Akin M, Kucukyilmaz E, Uysal T. Shear bond strength of a self-adhering flowable composite when used for lingual retainer bonding. J Orofac Orthop. 2014 Sep;75(5):374-83.
9. Sakaguchi R L, Powers J M. Craig’s restorative dental materials. 13th Ed. . Elsevier, Philadelphia PA, 2012
10. Newman GV. Epoxy adhesives for orthodontic attachments: progress report. Am J Orthod. 1965 Dec;51(12):901-12.
11. Al-Saleh M, El-Mowafy O. Bond strength of orthodontic brackets with new self-adhesive resin cements. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 Apr;137(4):528-33.
12. Abdel-Maksoud HB, Bahanan AW, Alkhattabi LJ, Bakhsh TA. Evaluation of Newly Introduced Bioactive Materials in Terms of Cavity Floor Adaptation: OCT Study. Materials (Basel). 2021 Dec 12;14(24):7668.
13. Eliades A, Birpou E, Eliades T, Eliades G. Self-adhesive restoratives as pit and fissure sealants: a comparative laboratory study. Dent Mater. 2013 Jul;29(7):752-62.
14. Gungor AY, Alkis H, Turkkahraman H. Shear bond strengths of brackets bonded with a new self-adhering resin composite. Int J Artif Organs. 2016 Oct 10;39(8):431-434
15. Van Landuyt KL, Kanumilli P, De Munck J, Peumans M, Lambrechts P, Van Meerbeek B. Bond strength of a mild self-etch adhesive with and without prior acid-etching. J Dent. 2006 Jan;34(1):77-85.
16. Erickson RL, Barkmeier WW, Kimmes NS. Bond strength of self-etch adhesives to pre-etched enamel. Dent Mater. 2009 Oct;25(10):1187-94.
17. Lührs AK, Guhr S, Schilke R, Borchers L, Geurtsen W, Günay H. Shear bond strength of self-etch adhesives to enamel with additional phosphoric acid etching. Oper Dent. 2008 Mar-Apr;33(2):155-62.
18. Derks A, Katsaros C, Frencken JE, van’t Hof MA, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. Caries-inhibiting effect of preventive measures during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. A systematic review. Caries Res. 2004 Sep-Oct;38(5):413-20.
19. Ansari MY, Agarwal DK, Gupta A, Bhattacharya P, Ansar J, Bhandari R. Shear Bond Strength of Ceramic Brackets with Different Base Designs: Comparative In-vitro Study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Nov;10(11):ZC64-ZC68.
20. Shafiei F, Sardarian A, Fekrazad R, Farjood A. Comparison of shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with a universal adhesive using different etching methods. Dental Press J Orthod. 2019 Sep 5;24(4):33.e1-33.e8.
21. Sismanoglu S. Efficiency of self-adhering flowable resin composite and different surface treatments in composite repair using a universal adhesive. Niger J Clin Pract. 2019 Dec;22(12):1675-1679.
22. Sumitt, JB; Robbins, JW; Schwartz, RS; Santos, J. Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry: A Contemporary Approach. 3rd ed, USA, James B. Summitt, 2008
23. Van Meerbeek B, Peumans M, Poitevin A, Mine A, Van Ende A, Neves A.et al.Relationship between bond-strength tests and clinical outcomes. Dent Mater. 2010 Feb;26(2):e100-21.
24. Reynolds IR. A review of direct orthodontic bonding. Brit J Orthod. 1975;2:171–78.
25. Finnema KJ, Ozcan M, Post WJ, Ren Y, Dijkstra PU. In-vitro orthodontic bond strength testing: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 May;137(5):615-622.e3.
26. Eliades T, Bourauel C. Intraoral aging of orthodontic materials: the picture we miss and its clinical relevance. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005 Apr;127(4):403-12.
27. Valizadeh S, Alimohammadi G, Nik TH, Etemadi A, Tanbakuchi B. In vitro evaluation of shear bond strength of orthodontic metal brackets to aged composite using a self-adhesive composite: Effect of surface conditioning and different bonding agents. Int Orthod. 2020 Sep;18(3):528-537.
28. Türköz C, Ulusoy C. Evaluation of different enamel conditioning techniques for orthodontic bonding. Korean J Orthod. 2012 Feb;42(1):32-8.
29. Akhavan A, Sodagar A, Mojtahedzadeh F, Sodagar K. Investigating the effect of incorporating nanosilver/nanohydroxyapatite particles on the shear bond strength of orthodontic adhesives. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013 Sep;71(5):1038-42.
30. Sodagar A, Akhoundi MSA, Bahador A, Jalali YF, Behzadi Z, Elhaminejad F.et al. Effect of TiO2 nanoparticles incorporation on antibacterial properties and shear bond strength of dental composite used in Orthodontics. Dental Press J Orthod. 2017 Sep-Oct;22(5):67-74.
31. Poosti M, Ramazanzadeh B, Zebarjad M, Javadzadeh P, Naderinasab M, Shakeri MT. Shear bond strength and antibacterial effects of orthodontic composite containing TiO2 nanoparticles. Eur J Orthod. 2013 Oct;35(5):676-9.
32. Sodagar A, Akhoundi MSA, Bahador A, Jalali YF, Behzadi Z, Elhaminejad F.et al.Effect of TiO2 nanoparticles incorporation on antibacterial properties and shear bond strength of dental composite used in Orthodontics. Dental Press J Orthod. 2017 Sep-Oct;22(5):67-74.
33. Nimplod P, Tansalarak R, Sornsuwan T. Effect of the different debonding strength of metal and ceramic brackets on the degree of enamel microcrack healing. Dental Press J Orthod. 2021 Jun 25;26(3):e2119177.
2. Kilponen L, Varrela J, Vallittu PK. Priming and bonding metal, ceramic and polycarbonate brackets. Biomater Investig Dent. 2019 Nov 6;6(1):61-72.
3. Pasquale A, Weinstein M, Borislow AJ, Braitman LE. In-vivo prospective comparison of bond failure rates of 2 self-etching primer/adhesive systems. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007 Nov;132(5):671-4.
4. Scougall-Vilchis RJ, Zárate-Díaz C, Kusakabe S, Yamamoto K. Bond strengths of different orthodontic adhesives after enamel conditioning with the same self-etching primer. Aust Orthod J. 2010 May;26(1):84-9.
5. Goracci C, Margvelashvili M, Giovannetti A, Vichi A, Ferrari M. Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with a new self-adhering flowable resin composite. Clin Oral Investig. 2013 Mar;17(2):609-17.
6. İşman E, Karaarslan ES, Okşayan R, Tunçdemır AR, Üşümez S, Adanir N.et al. Inadequate shear bond strengths of self-etch, self-adhesive systems for secure orthodontic bonding. Dent Mater J. 2012;31(6):947-53.
7. Rangappa A, Srinivasulu J, Rangaswamy V, Eregowda S, Lakshminarasimhaiah V, Lingareddy U. Comparative evaluation of bond strength of self-adhering flowable composites to the dentin prepared with different burs: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent. 2018 Nov-Dec;21(6):618-621.
8. Veli I, Akin M, Kucukyilmaz E, Uysal T. Shear bond strength of a self-adhering flowable composite when used for lingual retainer bonding. J Orofac Orthop. 2014 Sep;75(5):374-83.
9. Sakaguchi R L, Powers J M. Craig’s restorative dental materials. 13th Ed. . Elsevier, Philadelphia PA, 2012
10. Newman GV. Epoxy adhesives for orthodontic attachments: progress report. Am J Orthod. 1965 Dec;51(12):901-12.
11. Al-Saleh M, El-Mowafy O. Bond strength of orthodontic brackets with new self-adhesive resin cements. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 Apr;137(4):528-33.
12. Abdel-Maksoud HB, Bahanan AW, Alkhattabi LJ, Bakhsh TA. Evaluation of Newly Introduced Bioactive Materials in Terms of Cavity Floor Adaptation: OCT Study. Materials (Basel). 2021 Dec 12;14(24):7668.
13. Eliades A, Birpou E, Eliades T, Eliades G. Self-adhesive restoratives as pit and fissure sealants: a comparative laboratory study. Dent Mater. 2013 Jul;29(7):752-62.
14. Gungor AY, Alkis H, Turkkahraman H. Shear bond strengths of brackets bonded with a new self-adhering resin composite. Int J Artif Organs. 2016 Oct 10;39(8):431-434
15. Van Landuyt KL, Kanumilli P, De Munck J, Peumans M, Lambrechts P, Van Meerbeek B. Bond strength of a mild self-etch adhesive with and without prior acid-etching. J Dent. 2006 Jan;34(1):77-85.
16. Erickson RL, Barkmeier WW, Kimmes NS. Bond strength of self-etch adhesives to pre-etched enamel. Dent Mater. 2009 Oct;25(10):1187-94.
17. Lührs AK, Guhr S, Schilke R, Borchers L, Geurtsen W, Günay H. Shear bond strength of self-etch adhesives to enamel with additional phosphoric acid etching. Oper Dent. 2008 Mar-Apr;33(2):155-62.
18. Derks A, Katsaros C, Frencken JE, van’t Hof MA, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. Caries-inhibiting effect of preventive measures during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. A systematic review. Caries Res. 2004 Sep-Oct;38(5):413-20.
19. Ansari MY, Agarwal DK, Gupta A, Bhattacharya P, Ansar J, Bhandari R. Shear Bond Strength of Ceramic Brackets with Different Base Designs: Comparative In-vitro Study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Nov;10(11):ZC64-ZC68.
20. Shafiei F, Sardarian A, Fekrazad R, Farjood A. Comparison of shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with a universal adhesive using different etching methods. Dental Press J Orthod. 2019 Sep 5;24(4):33.e1-33.e8.
21. Sismanoglu S. Efficiency of self-adhering flowable resin composite and different surface treatments in composite repair using a universal adhesive. Niger J Clin Pract. 2019 Dec;22(12):1675-1679.
22. Sumitt, JB; Robbins, JW; Schwartz, RS; Santos, J. Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry: A Contemporary Approach. 3rd ed, USA, James B. Summitt, 2008
23. Van Meerbeek B, Peumans M, Poitevin A, Mine A, Van Ende A, Neves A.et al.Relationship between bond-strength tests and clinical outcomes. Dent Mater. 2010 Feb;26(2):e100-21.
24. Reynolds IR. A review of direct orthodontic bonding. Brit J Orthod. 1975;2:171–78.
25. Finnema KJ, Ozcan M, Post WJ, Ren Y, Dijkstra PU. In-vitro orthodontic bond strength testing: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 May;137(5):615-622.e3.
26. Eliades T, Bourauel C. Intraoral aging of orthodontic materials: the picture we miss and its clinical relevance. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005 Apr;127(4):403-12.
27. Valizadeh S, Alimohammadi G, Nik TH, Etemadi A, Tanbakuchi B. In vitro evaluation of shear bond strength of orthodontic metal brackets to aged composite using a self-adhesive composite: Effect of surface conditioning and different bonding agents. Int Orthod. 2020 Sep;18(3):528-537.
28. Türköz C, Ulusoy C. Evaluation of different enamel conditioning techniques for orthodontic bonding. Korean J Orthod. 2012 Feb;42(1):32-8.
29. Akhavan A, Sodagar A, Mojtahedzadeh F, Sodagar K. Investigating the effect of incorporating nanosilver/nanohydroxyapatite particles on the shear bond strength of orthodontic adhesives. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013 Sep;71(5):1038-42.
30. Sodagar A, Akhoundi MSA, Bahador A, Jalali YF, Behzadi Z, Elhaminejad F.et al. Effect of TiO2 nanoparticles incorporation on antibacterial properties and shear bond strength of dental composite used in Orthodontics. Dental Press J Orthod. 2017 Sep-Oct;22(5):67-74.
31. Poosti M, Ramazanzadeh B, Zebarjad M, Javadzadeh P, Naderinasab M, Shakeri MT. Shear bond strength and antibacterial effects of orthodontic composite containing TiO2 nanoparticles. Eur J Orthod. 2013 Oct;35(5):676-9.
32. Sodagar A, Akhoundi MSA, Bahador A, Jalali YF, Behzadi Z, Elhaminejad F.et al.Effect of TiO2 nanoparticles incorporation on antibacterial properties and shear bond strength of dental composite used in Orthodontics. Dental Press J Orthod. 2017 Sep-Oct;22(5):67-74.
33. Nimplod P, Tansalarak R, Sornsuwan T. Effect of the different debonding strength of metal and ceramic brackets on the degree of enamel microcrack healing. Dental Press J Orthod. 2021 Jun 25;26(3):e2119177.
| Issue | Vol 21 (Continuously Published Article-Based) | |
| Section | Original Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v21i18.15551 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Dental Cements Shear Strength Orthodontic Brackets | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Janfaza J, Valizadeh S, Tanbakuchi B. Comparative Assessment of the Shear Bond Strength of Ceramic Brackets Bonded to the Enamel Surface with a Self-adhesive System. Front Dent. 2024;21.
