Effect of Different Mouthwashes on Stain Susceptibility of Resin Composite in Contact with Beverages
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Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of common mouthwashes on the color change of a nanohybrid composite and its further stain susceptibility to Coke and coffee.
Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty composite discs were prepared and initial color values were measured using a spectrophotometer. The specimens were grouped based on the 24h exposure to common mouthwashes including Listerine, chlorhexidine, two types of fluoride mouthwashes (alcohol free and alcohol containing) as well as distilled water as control (N=30). The color change (ΔE1) values were calculated to show the amount of color change caused by mouthwashes. Subsequently, the specimens in each group were subdivided and immersed in the secondary colorant solution (coffee, Coke and, distilled water) for seven days. The total color change (ΔE total) values were obtained to show the stain susceptibility. Statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The calculated ΔE1 of resin composite was significantly higher for all mouthwash groups than that of the control group; however, all were in the clinically acceptable range. Exposure to Listerine and distilled water caused more staining effects compared to other mouthwashes after immersion in secondary colorant solutions. Regardless of primary mouthwash type, coffee and distilled water caused the highest and the least total discolorations, respectively (P<0.001).
Conclusion: All mouthwashes caused a clinically acceptable color change in resin composite; however, further stain susceptibility depended on the mouthwashes but was not higher than distilled water.
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2. Hasani-Tabatabaei M, Yassini E, Moradian S, Elmamooz N. Color stability of dental composite materials after exposure to staining solutions: A spectrophotometer analysis. J Iran Dent Assoc 2009; 21 (1) :69-78.
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8. Walker MP, Ries D, Kula K, Ellis M, Fricke B. Mechanical properties and surface characterization of beta titanium and stainless steel orthodontic wire following topical fluoride treatment. Angle Orthod. 2007 Mar;77(2):342-8.
9. Lee YK, El Zawahry M, Noaman KM, Powers JM. Effect of mouthwash and accelerated aging on the color stability of esthetic restorative materials. Am J Dent. 2000 Jun;13(3):159-61.
10. Diab M, Zaazou MH, Mubarak EH, Olaa MI Fahmy. Effect of five commercial mouth rinses on the micro hardness and color stability of two resin composite restorative materials. Aust J Basic Appl Sci. 2007;1:667–4.
11. Gürdal P, Akdeniz BG, Hakan Sen B. The effects of mouthrinses on microhardness and colour stability of aesthetic restorative materials. J Oral Rehabil. 2002 Sep;29(9):895-901.
12. Celik C, Yuzugullu B, Erkut S, Yamanel K. Effects of mouth rinses on color stability of resin composites. Eur J Dent. 2008 Oct;2(4):247-53.
13. Toz Akalin T, Genc G, Korkmaz Ceyhan Y, Ozturk Bozkurt F. The effect of mouth rinses on the color stability of sonicfill and a nanohybrid composite. J Istanb Univ Fac Dent. 2016;50:17–23.
14. ElEmbaby Ael-S. The effects of mouth rinses on the color stability of resin-based restorative materials. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2014 Jul-Aug;26(4):264-71.
15. Morais Sampaio GA, Rangel Peixoto L, Vasconcelos Neves G, Nascimento Barbosa DD. Effect of mouthwashes on color stability of composite resins: A systematic review. J Prosthet Dent. 2021 Sep;126(3):386-392.
16. Soliman YA, Mahmoud EM, Gepreel MH, Afifi RR. The ability of coffee to stain nanohybrid composite resins. Alexa Dent J. 2021 Apr;46(1):91-5.
17. Chittem J, Sajjan GS, Varma Kanumuri M. Spectrophotometric Evaluation of Colour Stability of Nano Hybrid Composite Resin in Commonly Used Food Colourants in Asian Countries. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Jan;11(1):ZC61-ZC65.
18. Delikan E, Aksu S, Ertürk-Avunduk AT. The effects of mouthwashes on the color stability of resin-based restorative materials. Odovtos Int J Dent Sci. 2021;23:91–102..
19. Müller HD, Eick S, Moritz A, Lussi A, Gruber R. Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Oral Rinses In Vitro. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:4019723.
20. Moran JM. Home-use oral hygiene products: mouthrinses. Periodontol 2000. 2008;48:42-53.
21. De Oliveira AL, Botta AC, Campos JÁ, Garcia PP. Influence of light curing units and fluoride mouthrinse on morphological surface and color stability of a nanofilled composite resin. Microsc Res Tech. 2014 Nov;77(11):941-6.
22. Festuccia MS, Garcia Lda F, Cruvinel DR, Pires-De-Souza Fde C. Color stability, surface roughness and microhardness of composites submitted to mouthrinsing action. J Appl Oral Sci. 2012 Mar-Apr;20(2):200-5.
23. de Oliveira AL, Botta AC, Campos JÁ, Garcia PP. Effects of immersion media and repolishing on color stability and superficial morphology of nanofilled composite resin. Microsc Microanal. 2014 Aug;20(4):1234-9.
24. Khosravi M, Esmaeili B, Nikzad F, Khafri S. Color Stability of Nanofilled and Microhybrid Resin-Based Composites Following Exposure to Chlorhexidine Mouthrinses: An In Vitro Study. J Dent (Tehran). 2016 Mar;13(2):116-125.
25. Pelino JEP, Passero A, Martin AA, Charles CA. In vitro effects of alcohol-containing mouthwashes on human enamel and restorative materials. Braz Oral Res. 2018 Mar 15;32:e25.
26. Yap AU, Tan BW, Tay LC, Chang KM, Loy TK, Mok BY. Effect of mouthrinses on microhardness and wear of composite and compomer restoratives. Oper Dent. 2003 Nov-Dec;28(6):740-6.
27. Demirci M, Tuncer S, Öztaş E, Tekçe N, Uysal Ö. A 4-year clinical evaluation of direct composite build-ups for space closure after orthodontic treatment. Clin Oral Investig. 2015 Dec;19(9):2187-99.
28. Yilmaz E, Mujdeci A. The effect of mouthrinses on surface roughness of two nanohybrid resin composites. Braz Dent Sci. 2021 Dec 21;24(2).
29. Kumar N, Raj KS. Effect of mouthwashes on sorption and solubility of three different esthetic restorative materials–An in vitro study. IP Indian J Conserv Endod. 2020 May 25;5(2).
30. Urbano CD, Abrahao ALS, Lancellotti AC, Menezes-Oliveira MAHD, Calabrez S, Goncalves LDS. Effect of mouthrinses on the surface roughness of nano-filled composite. Braz Dent Sci. 2014;17:92–97.
31. Meşe A, Burrow MF, Tyas MJ. Sorption and solubility of luting cements in different solutions. Dent Mater J. 2008 Sep;27(5):702-9.
32. Geurtsen W, Leyhausen G, Garcia-Godoy F. Effect of storage media on the fluoride release and surface microhardness of four polyacid-modified composite resins ("compomers"). Dent Mater. 1999 May;15(3):196-201.
33. Ulusoy NB, Arikan V, Akbay Oba A. Effect of mouthwashes on the discolouration of restorative materials commonly used in paediatric dentistry. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2018 Jun;19(3):147-153.
34. Ferracane JL. Hygroscopic and hydrolytic effects in dental polymer networks. Dent Mater. 2006 Mar;22(3):211-22.
35. Thirunavakarasu R, Nasim I. Effect of mouthwashes on different composite resin-An in vitro study. Drug Invention Today. 2019 Nov 1;11(11).
36. Ren YF, Feng L, Serban D, Malmstrom HS. Effects of common beverage colorants on color stability of dental composite resins: the utility of a thermocycling stain challenge model in vitro. J Dent. 2012 Jul;40 Suppl 1:e48-56.
37. Chowdhury D, Mazumdar P, Desai P, Datta P. Comparative evaluation of surface roughness and color stability of nanohybrid composite resin after periodic exposure to tea, coffee, and Coca-Coke - An in vitro profilometric and image analysis study. J Conserv Dent. 2020 Jul-Aug;23(4):395-401.
38. Tavangar M, Bagheri R, Kwon TY, Mese A, Manton DJ. Influence of beverages and surface roughness on the color change of resin composites. J Investig Clin Dent. 2018 Aug;9(3):e12333
39. Domingos PA, Garcia PP, Oliveira AL, Palma-Dibb RG. Composite resin color stability: influence of light sources and immersion media. J Appl Oral Sci. 2011 May-Jun;19(3):204-11.
2. Hasani-Tabatabaei M, Yassini E, Moradian S, Elmamooz N. Color stability of dental composite materials after exposure to staining solutions: A spectrophotometer analysis. J Iran Dent Assoc 2009; 21 (1) :69-78.
3. Drubi-Filho B, Garcia Lda F, Cruvinel DR, Sousa AB, Pires-de-Souza Fde C. Color stability of modern composites subjected to different periods of accelerated artificial aging. Braz Dent J. 2012;23(5):575-80.
4. Tuncdemir AR, Aykent F. Effects of fibers on the color change and stability of resin composites after accelerated aging. Dent Mater J. 2012;31(5):872-8.
5. Ibrahim MA, Bakar WZ, Husein A. A comparison of staining resistant of two composite resins. Archives of Orofacial Sciences. 2009;4(1):13-6. 6. Nasim I, Neelakantan P, Sujeer R, Subbarao CV. Color stability of microfilled, microhybrid and nanocomposite resins--an in vitro study. J Dent. 2010;38 Suppl 2:e137-42.
7. Wennström JL, Heijl L, Dahlén G, Gröndahl K. Periodic subgingival antimicrobial irrigation of periodontal pockets (I). Clinical observations. J Clin Periodontol. 1987 Oct;14(9):541-50.
8. Walker MP, Ries D, Kula K, Ellis M, Fricke B. Mechanical properties and surface characterization of beta titanium and stainless steel orthodontic wire following topical fluoride treatment. Angle Orthod. 2007 Mar;77(2):342-8.
9. Lee YK, El Zawahry M, Noaman KM, Powers JM. Effect of mouthwash and accelerated aging on the color stability of esthetic restorative materials. Am J Dent. 2000 Jun;13(3):159-61.
10. Diab M, Zaazou MH, Mubarak EH, Olaa MI Fahmy. Effect of five commercial mouth rinses on the micro hardness and color stability of two resin composite restorative materials. Aust J Basic Appl Sci. 2007;1:667–4.
11. Gürdal P, Akdeniz BG, Hakan Sen B. The effects of mouthrinses on microhardness and colour stability of aesthetic restorative materials. J Oral Rehabil. 2002 Sep;29(9):895-901.
12. Celik C, Yuzugullu B, Erkut S, Yamanel K. Effects of mouth rinses on color stability of resin composites. Eur J Dent. 2008 Oct;2(4):247-53.
13. Toz Akalin T, Genc G, Korkmaz Ceyhan Y, Ozturk Bozkurt F. The effect of mouth rinses on the color stability of sonicfill and a nanohybrid composite. J Istanb Univ Fac Dent. 2016;50:17–23.
14. ElEmbaby Ael-S. The effects of mouth rinses on the color stability of resin-based restorative materials. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2014 Jul-Aug;26(4):264-71.
15. Morais Sampaio GA, Rangel Peixoto L, Vasconcelos Neves G, Nascimento Barbosa DD. Effect of mouthwashes on color stability of composite resins: A systematic review. J Prosthet Dent. 2021 Sep;126(3):386-392.
16. Soliman YA, Mahmoud EM, Gepreel MH, Afifi RR. The ability of coffee to stain nanohybrid composite resins. Alexa Dent J. 2021 Apr;46(1):91-5.
17. Chittem J, Sajjan GS, Varma Kanumuri M. Spectrophotometric Evaluation of Colour Stability of Nano Hybrid Composite Resin in Commonly Used Food Colourants in Asian Countries. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Jan;11(1):ZC61-ZC65.
18. Delikan E, Aksu S, Ertürk-Avunduk AT. The effects of mouthwashes on the color stability of resin-based restorative materials. Odovtos Int J Dent Sci. 2021;23:91–102..
19. Müller HD, Eick S, Moritz A, Lussi A, Gruber R. Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Oral Rinses In Vitro. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:4019723.
20. Moran JM. Home-use oral hygiene products: mouthrinses. Periodontol 2000. 2008;48:42-53.
21. De Oliveira AL, Botta AC, Campos JÁ, Garcia PP. Influence of light curing units and fluoride mouthrinse on morphological surface and color stability of a nanofilled composite resin. Microsc Res Tech. 2014 Nov;77(11):941-6.
22. Festuccia MS, Garcia Lda F, Cruvinel DR, Pires-De-Souza Fde C. Color stability, surface roughness and microhardness of composites submitted to mouthrinsing action. J Appl Oral Sci. 2012 Mar-Apr;20(2):200-5.
23. de Oliveira AL, Botta AC, Campos JÁ, Garcia PP. Effects of immersion media and repolishing on color stability and superficial morphology of nanofilled composite resin. Microsc Microanal. 2014 Aug;20(4):1234-9.
24. Khosravi M, Esmaeili B, Nikzad F, Khafri S. Color Stability of Nanofilled and Microhybrid Resin-Based Composites Following Exposure to Chlorhexidine Mouthrinses: An In Vitro Study. J Dent (Tehran). 2016 Mar;13(2):116-125.
25. Pelino JEP, Passero A, Martin AA, Charles CA. In vitro effects of alcohol-containing mouthwashes on human enamel and restorative materials. Braz Oral Res. 2018 Mar 15;32:e25.
26. Yap AU, Tan BW, Tay LC, Chang KM, Loy TK, Mok BY. Effect of mouthrinses on microhardness and wear of composite and compomer restoratives. Oper Dent. 2003 Nov-Dec;28(6):740-6.
27. Demirci M, Tuncer S, Öztaş E, Tekçe N, Uysal Ö. A 4-year clinical evaluation of direct composite build-ups for space closure after orthodontic treatment. Clin Oral Investig. 2015 Dec;19(9):2187-99.
28. Yilmaz E, Mujdeci A. The effect of mouthrinses on surface roughness of two nanohybrid resin composites. Braz Dent Sci. 2021 Dec 21;24(2).
29. Kumar N, Raj KS. Effect of mouthwashes on sorption and solubility of three different esthetic restorative materials–An in vitro study. IP Indian J Conserv Endod. 2020 May 25;5(2).
30. Urbano CD, Abrahao ALS, Lancellotti AC, Menezes-Oliveira MAHD, Calabrez S, Goncalves LDS. Effect of mouthrinses on the surface roughness of nano-filled composite. Braz Dent Sci. 2014;17:92–97.
31. Meşe A, Burrow MF, Tyas MJ. Sorption and solubility of luting cements in different solutions. Dent Mater J. 2008 Sep;27(5):702-9.
32. Geurtsen W, Leyhausen G, Garcia-Godoy F. Effect of storage media on the fluoride release and surface microhardness of four polyacid-modified composite resins ("compomers"). Dent Mater. 1999 May;15(3):196-201.
33. Ulusoy NB, Arikan V, Akbay Oba A. Effect of mouthwashes on the discolouration of restorative materials commonly used in paediatric dentistry. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2018 Jun;19(3):147-153.
34. Ferracane JL. Hygroscopic and hydrolytic effects in dental polymer networks. Dent Mater. 2006 Mar;22(3):211-22.
35. Thirunavakarasu R, Nasim I. Effect of mouthwashes on different composite resin-An in vitro study. Drug Invention Today. 2019 Nov 1;11(11).
36. Ren YF, Feng L, Serban D, Malmstrom HS. Effects of common beverage colorants on color stability of dental composite resins: the utility of a thermocycling stain challenge model in vitro. J Dent. 2012 Jul;40 Suppl 1:e48-56.
37. Chowdhury D, Mazumdar P, Desai P, Datta P. Comparative evaluation of surface roughness and color stability of nanohybrid composite resin after periodic exposure to tea, coffee, and Coca-Coke - An in vitro profilometric and image analysis study. J Conserv Dent. 2020 Jul-Aug;23(4):395-401.
38. Tavangar M, Bagheri R, Kwon TY, Mese A, Manton DJ. Influence of beverages and surface roughness on the color change of resin composites. J Investig Clin Dent. 2018 Aug;9(3):e12333
39. Domingos PA, Garcia PP, Oliveira AL, Palma-Dibb RG. Composite resin color stability: influence of light sources and immersion media. J Appl Oral Sci. 2011 May-Jun;19(3):204-11.
| Issue | Vol 20 (Continuously Published Article-Based) | |
| Section | Original Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v20i35.13663 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Composite Resins Mouthwashes Color | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Valizadeh Haghi H, Molaee S, Oliyanasab P, Isazadehfar K. Effect of Different Mouthwashes on Stain Susceptibility of Resin Composite in Contact with Beverages. Front Dent. 2023;20.
