In Vitro Effects of Sof-Lex, Eve, and Astropol Polishing Systems on Composite Resin Surface Roughness After Aging
Abstract
Objectives: Surface roughness is one of the important properties of composite restorations. Different polishing systems are used to provide an appropriate composite restoration surface. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Sof-Lex, Eve, and Astropol polishing systems on composite resin surface roughness after aging.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 36 composite discs (8×2mm) were fabricated. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups (N=12) for polishing with (I) Sof-Lex (3M ESPE), (II) Eve (Ernst Vetter GmbH), and (III) Astropol (Ivoclar/Vivadent) polishing systems. The specimens were then subjected to thermocycling. Surface roughness of the specimens was measured before and after polishing, and after thermocycling by a contact profilometer. Repeated Measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data (α=0.05).
Results: Although Astropol showed slightly higher surface roughness in comparison to Sof-Lex and Eve, the level of surface roughness before and after polishing and after aging was not significantly different among the three polishing systems (P=0.704).
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, Sof-Lex, Eve, and Astropol showed similar acceptable results with regard to composite resin surface roughness.
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2. Erdemir U, Sancakli HS, Yildiz E. The effect of one-step and multi-step polishing systems on the surface roughness and microhardness of novel resin composites. Eur J Dent 2012 Apr;6(02):198-205.
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8. Setty A, Nagesh J, Marigowda JC, Shivanna AK, Paluvary SK, Ashwathappa GS. Comparative evaluation of surface roughness of novel resin composite Cention N with Filtek Z350 XT: In vitro study. Int J Oral Care Res. 2019 Jan;7(1):15-7.
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10. Nasoohi N, Khorgami KH, Tasugi Z, Aryan N. Evaluating the discoloration effect of tea on kalore and gradia composites. Res Dent Sci. 2014 Oct 10;11(3):167-74.
11. Dhananjaya KM, Vadavadagi SV, Almalki SA, Verma T, Arora S, Kumar NN. In vitro analysis of different polishing systems on the color stability and surface roughness of nanocomposite resins. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2019 Nov;20(11):1335-8.
12. Madhyastha PS, Nayak D, Srikant N, Kotian R, Bhat KM. Effect of finishing/polishing techniques and time on surface roughness of silorane and methacrylate based restorative materials. Oral Health Dent Manag. 2015;14(4):212-8.
13. Gonçalves MA, Teixeira VC, Rodrigues SS, de Oliveira RS, Salvio LA. Evaluation of the roughness of composite resins submitted to different surface treatments. Acta Odontol. Latinoam. 2012 Apr;25(1):89-95.
14. Vyavahare N, Gaikwad S, Raghavendra SS, Kazi MM. Effect of finishing and polishing procedures on biofilm adhesion to composite surfaces: An ex vivo study. J Dent Allied Sci. 2014 Jul 1;3(2):70-3.
15. Kemaloglu H, Karacolak G, Turkun LS. Can reduced‐step polishers be as effective as multiple‐step polishers in enhancing surface smoothness? J Esthet Restor Dent. 2017 Feb;29(1):31-40.
16. de Oliveira Lima M, Catelan A, Hernandes NM, Giorgi MC, Ambrosano GM, Lima DA. In vitro evaluation of the effect of different polishing techniques on the surface roughness of composite resins submitted to at-home and in-office bleaching procedures. J Conserv Dent Endod 2015 Nov;18(6):483-7.
17. Gonçalves JM. Evaluation of superficial roughness of composite resins after polishing (Master's thesis).
18. Nithya K, Sridevi K, Keerthi V, Ravishankar P. Evaluation of surface roughness, hardness, and gloss of composites after three different finishing and polishing techniques: an in vitro study. Cureus. 2020 Feb 19;12(2):e7037.
19. Aytac F, Karaarslan ES, Agaccioglu M, Tastan E, Buldur M, Kuyucu E. Effects of novel finishing and polishing systems on surface roughness and morphology of nanocomposites. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2016 Jul;28(4):247-61.
20. Aydın N, Topçu F-T, Karaoğlanoğlu S, Oktay E-A, Erdemir U. Effect of finishing and polishing systems on the surface roughness and color change of composite resins. J Clin Exp Dent. 2021 May;13(5):e446-54.
21. Kritzinger D, Brandt PD, De Wet FA. The effect of different polishing systems on the surface roughness of a nanocomposite and a microhybrid composite. S Afr Dent J. 2017 Jul;72(6):249-57.
22. Daud A, Gray G, Lynch CD, Wilson NH, Blum IR. A randomised controlled study on the use of finishing and polishing systems on different resin composites using 3D contact optical profilometry and scanning electron microscopy. J Dent. 2018 Apr;71:25-30.
23. Nemati Anaraki S, Kazemi H, GHafari Z, Naser Z, Bitaraf T. In-Vitro Comparative Study of the Effect of Four Finishing and Polishing Tools on Surface Roughness of a Microhybrid Resin Composite. J Res Dentomaxillofac Sci. 2019 Jun 10;4(2):26-31.
24. Ghavami-Lahiji M, Firouzmanesh M, Bagheri H, Jafarzadeh Kashi TS, Razazpour F, Behroozibakhsh M. The effect of thermocycling on the degree of conversion and mechanical properties of a microhybrid dental resin composite. Restor Dent Endod. 2018 Apr;43(2): e26.
25. Gale MS, Darvell BW. Thermal cycling procedures for laboratory testing of dental restorations. J Dent. 1999 Feb;27(2):89-99.
26. Kocaağaoğlu H, Aslan T, Gürbulak A, Albayrak H, Taşdemir Z, Gumus H. Efficacy of polishing kits on the surface roughness and color stability of different composite resins. Niger J Clin Pract. 2017 May;20(5):557-65.
27. Hassan AM, Nabih SM, Mossa HM, Baroudi K. The effect of three polishing systems on surface roughness of flowable, microhybrid, and packable resin composites. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2015 May; 5(3):242-7.
28. Dufrêne YF, Ando T, Garcia R, Alsteens D, Martinez-Martin D, Engel A, et al. Imaging modes of atomic force microscopy for application in molecular and cell biology. Nat Nanotechnol. 2017 Apr; 12(4):295-307.
29. Babina K, Polyakova M, Sokhova I, Doroshina V, Arakelyan M, Novozhilova N. The effect of finishing and polishing sequences on the surface roughness of three different nanocomposites and composite/enamel and composite/cementum interfaces. Nanomaterials. 2020 Jul;10(7):1339-53.
30. Bollen CM, Lambrechts P, Quirynen M. Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention: a review of the literature. Dent Mater. 1997 Jul;13(4):258-69.
31. Jaramillo-Cartagena R, López-Galeano EJ, Latorre-Correa F, Agudelo-Suárez AA. Effect of polishing systems on the surface roughness of nano-hybrid and nano-filling composite resins: A systematic review. Dent J. 2021 Aug;9(8):95
2. Erdemir U, Sancakli HS, Yildiz E. The effect of one-step and multi-step polishing systems on the surface roughness and microhardness of novel resin composites. Eur J Dent 2012 Apr;6(02):198-205.
3. Gönülol N, Yılmaz F. The effects of finishing and polishing techniques on surface roughness and color stability of nanocomposites. J Dent. 2012 Dec 1;40:e64-70.
4. Da Silva JM, da Rocha DM, Travassos AC, Fernandes Jr VV, Rodrigues JR. Effect of different finishing times on surface roughness and maintenance of polish in nanoparticle and microhybrid composite resins. Eur J Esthet Dent. 2010 Jan;5(3):288-98.
5. Shamszadeh S, Sheikh-Al-Eslamian SM, Hasani E, Abrandabadi AN, Panahandeh N. Color stability of the bulk-fill composite resins with different thickness in response to coffee/water immersion. Int J Dent. 2016;2016(1):7186140.
6. Faraoni JJ, Quero IB, Schiavuzzo LS, Palma-Dibb RG. Color stability of nanohybrid composite resins in drinks. Braz J Oral Sci. 2019 Nov 18;18:e191601-e01.
7. Jung M, Eichelberger K, Klimek J. Surface geometry of four nanofiller and one hybrid composite after one-step and multiple-step polishing. Oper Dent. 2007 Jul;32(4):347-55.
8. Setty A, Nagesh J, Marigowda JC, Shivanna AK, Paluvary SK, Ashwathappa GS. Comparative evaluation of surface roughness of novel resin composite Cention N with Filtek Z350 XT: In vitro study. Int J Oral Care Res. 2019 Jan;7(1):15-7.
9. Poyser N, Briggs P, Chana H, Kelleher M, Porter R, Patel M. The evaluation of direct composite restorations for the worn mandibular anterior dentition–clinical performance and patient satisfaction. J Oral Rehabil. 2007 May; 34(5):361-76.
10. Nasoohi N, Khorgami KH, Tasugi Z, Aryan N. Evaluating the discoloration effect of tea on kalore and gradia composites. Res Dent Sci. 2014 Oct 10;11(3):167-74.
11. Dhananjaya KM, Vadavadagi SV, Almalki SA, Verma T, Arora S, Kumar NN. In vitro analysis of different polishing systems on the color stability and surface roughness of nanocomposite resins. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2019 Nov;20(11):1335-8.
12. Madhyastha PS, Nayak D, Srikant N, Kotian R, Bhat KM. Effect of finishing/polishing techniques and time on surface roughness of silorane and methacrylate based restorative materials. Oral Health Dent Manag. 2015;14(4):212-8.
13. Gonçalves MA, Teixeira VC, Rodrigues SS, de Oliveira RS, Salvio LA. Evaluation of the roughness of composite resins submitted to different surface treatments. Acta Odontol. Latinoam. 2012 Apr;25(1):89-95.
14. Vyavahare N, Gaikwad S, Raghavendra SS, Kazi MM. Effect of finishing and polishing procedures on biofilm adhesion to composite surfaces: An ex vivo study. J Dent Allied Sci. 2014 Jul 1;3(2):70-3.
15. Kemaloglu H, Karacolak G, Turkun LS. Can reduced‐step polishers be as effective as multiple‐step polishers in enhancing surface smoothness? J Esthet Restor Dent. 2017 Feb;29(1):31-40.
16. de Oliveira Lima M, Catelan A, Hernandes NM, Giorgi MC, Ambrosano GM, Lima DA. In vitro evaluation of the effect of different polishing techniques on the surface roughness of composite resins submitted to at-home and in-office bleaching procedures. J Conserv Dent Endod 2015 Nov;18(6):483-7.
17. Gonçalves JM. Evaluation of superficial roughness of composite resins after polishing (Master's thesis).
18. Nithya K, Sridevi K, Keerthi V, Ravishankar P. Evaluation of surface roughness, hardness, and gloss of composites after three different finishing and polishing techniques: an in vitro study. Cureus. 2020 Feb 19;12(2):e7037.
19. Aytac F, Karaarslan ES, Agaccioglu M, Tastan E, Buldur M, Kuyucu E. Effects of novel finishing and polishing systems on surface roughness and morphology of nanocomposites. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2016 Jul;28(4):247-61.
20. Aydın N, Topçu F-T, Karaoğlanoğlu S, Oktay E-A, Erdemir U. Effect of finishing and polishing systems on the surface roughness and color change of composite resins. J Clin Exp Dent. 2021 May;13(5):e446-54.
21. Kritzinger D, Brandt PD, De Wet FA. The effect of different polishing systems on the surface roughness of a nanocomposite and a microhybrid composite. S Afr Dent J. 2017 Jul;72(6):249-57.
22. Daud A, Gray G, Lynch CD, Wilson NH, Blum IR. A randomised controlled study on the use of finishing and polishing systems on different resin composites using 3D contact optical profilometry and scanning electron microscopy. J Dent. 2018 Apr;71:25-30.
23. Nemati Anaraki S, Kazemi H, GHafari Z, Naser Z, Bitaraf T. In-Vitro Comparative Study of the Effect of Four Finishing and Polishing Tools on Surface Roughness of a Microhybrid Resin Composite. J Res Dentomaxillofac Sci. 2019 Jun 10;4(2):26-31.
24. Ghavami-Lahiji M, Firouzmanesh M, Bagheri H, Jafarzadeh Kashi TS, Razazpour F, Behroozibakhsh M. The effect of thermocycling on the degree of conversion and mechanical properties of a microhybrid dental resin composite. Restor Dent Endod. 2018 Apr;43(2): e26.
25. Gale MS, Darvell BW. Thermal cycling procedures for laboratory testing of dental restorations. J Dent. 1999 Feb;27(2):89-99.
26. Kocaağaoğlu H, Aslan T, Gürbulak A, Albayrak H, Taşdemir Z, Gumus H. Efficacy of polishing kits on the surface roughness and color stability of different composite resins. Niger J Clin Pract. 2017 May;20(5):557-65.
27. Hassan AM, Nabih SM, Mossa HM, Baroudi K. The effect of three polishing systems on surface roughness of flowable, microhybrid, and packable resin composites. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2015 May; 5(3):242-7.
28. Dufrêne YF, Ando T, Garcia R, Alsteens D, Martinez-Martin D, Engel A, et al. Imaging modes of atomic force microscopy for application in molecular and cell biology. Nat Nanotechnol. 2017 Apr; 12(4):295-307.
29. Babina K, Polyakova M, Sokhova I, Doroshina V, Arakelyan M, Novozhilova N. The effect of finishing and polishing sequences on the surface roughness of three different nanocomposites and composite/enamel and composite/cementum interfaces. Nanomaterials. 2020 Jul;10(7):1339-53.
30. Bollen CM, Lambrechts P, Quirynen M. Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention: a review of the literature. Dent Mater. 1997 Jul;13(4):258-69.
31. Jaramillo-Cartagena R, López-Galeano EJ, Latorre-Correa F, Agudelo-Suárez AA. Effect of polishing systems on the surface roughness of nano-hybrid and nano-filling composite resins: A systematic review. Dent J. 2021 Aug;9(8):95
| Issue | Vol 21 (Continuously Published Article-Based) | |
| Section | Original Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v21i35.16473 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Composite Resins Dental Polishing Surface Properties | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Saati K, Valizadeh S, Rahmaniparast A, Karimi M. In Vitro Effects of Sof-Lex, Eve, and Astropol Polishing Systems on Composite Resin Surface Roughness After Aging. Front Dent. 2024;21.
