Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential oil from Seed and oleo-gum-resin Ferula assa foetida against Oral Pathogens
-
Alireza Daneshkazemi
,
Hengameh Zandi
,
Abdolrahim Davari
,
Mahmood Vakili
,
Majid Emtiazi
,
Reza Lotfi
,
Seyed Mohammad Reza Masoumi
Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil obtained from oleo-gum-resin and seeds of Ferula assa-foetida.
Materials and Methods: Ferula assa-foetida plants were collected from Tabas, Yazd Province, Iran, during summer 2017. Then, essential oils were obtained from its seeds and oleo-gum-resin using hydrodistillation. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) test was performed to determine the contents of the essential oils. Four different doses of each oil were prepared (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μg/ml), and the antimicrobial activity of each dose against four oral bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus salivarius, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus) was evaluated using the disk diffusion method. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS 17 software.
Results: The GC-MS findings exhibited that the main compounds found in essential oils yielded from the seeds and oleo gum resin were (Z) -1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide and (E) -1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide. Ferula assa-foetida plant showed a significant antimicrobial effect (P<0.05). The essential oil from Ferula assa-foetida oleo-gum-resin had significantly stronger antibacterial properties compared to the essential oil from Ferula assa-foetida seeds (P<0.001). Both essential oils showed antibacterial properties similar to that of Chlorhexidine. The growth inhibition zone was significantly dependent on the essential oil concentration for all bacteria (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Our study revealed that essential oils from seeds and oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa-foetida have antimicrobial properties. More laboratory studies are required to reach a definitive conclusion.
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2. Karikalan S, Mohankumar A. Studies on ampicillin resistant plasmid of Streptococcus mutans isolated from dental caries patients. Biosci Biotech Res Comm. 2016;9(1):151-6.
3. Loesche WJ. Role of Streptococcus mutans in human dental decay. Microbiol Rev. 1986 Dec;50(4):353-380.
4. Yadav K, Prakash S. Dental caries: a review. Asian J Biomed Pharm Sci. 2016;6(53):1-7.
5. Brännström M, Nordenvall KJ. Bacterial penetration, pulpal reaction and the inner surface of concise enamel bond. Composite fillings in etched and unetched cavities. J Dent Res. 1978 Jan;57(1):3-10.
6. Cox CF, Keall CL, Keall HJ, Ostro E, Bergenholtz G. Biocompatibility of surface-sealed dental materials against exposed pulps. J Prosthet Dent. 1987 Jan;57(1):1-8.
7. Westergren G, Emilson CG. Colonization and cariogenic potential in hamsters of the bacterium Streptococcus sanguis isolated from human dental plaque. Arch Oral Biol. 1982;27(10):817-22.
8. Bjørndal L, Darvann T, Thylstrup A. A quantitative light microscopic study of the odontoblast and subodontoblastic reactions to active and arrested enamel caries without cavitation. Caries Res. 1998 Jan-Feb;32(1):59-69.
9. Brännström M, Lind PO. Pulpal response to early dental caries. J Dent Res. 1965 Sep-Oct;44(5):1045-50.
10. Browning WD, Johnson WW, Gregory PN. Clinical performance of bonded amalgam restorations at 42 months. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000 May;131(5):607-11.
11. Francis JR, Hunter B, Addy M. A comparison of three delivery methods of chlorhexidine in handicapped children: I. Effects on plaque, gingivitis, and toothstaining. J Periodontol. 1987 Jul;58(7):451-5.
12. Kalaga A, Addy M, Hunter B. Comparison of chlorhexidine delivery by mouthwash and spray on plaque accumulation. J Periodontol. 1989 Mar;60(3):127-30.
13. Atkinson CB. Hints, queries and comments: pyrozone. Dent Cosmos. 1893;35:330-2.
14. Patel R, Gallagher J, Chapple I. Question from practice: how to select the right mouthwash. J Cereb Circ. 2018;13:57.
15. Amirzade-Iranaq MH, Masoumil SMR. 50: effect of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of burning mouth syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2017;7(Suppl 1):bmjopen-2016-015415.50.
16. Saeidy S, Nasirpour A, Keramat J, Desbrières J, Le Cerf D, Pierre G, et al. Structural characterization and thermal behavior of a gum extracted from Ferula assa foetida L. Carbohydr Polym. 2018 Feb 1;181:426-32.
17. Kasaian J, Mohammadi A. Biological activities of farnesiferol C: a review. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2018 Jan;20(1):27-35.
18. Zomorodian K, Saharkhiz J, Pakshir K, Immeripour Z, Sadatsharifi A. The composition, antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of Ferula assa-foetida oleo-gum-resin. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol. 2018 Apr;14:300-304.
19. Kavoosi G, Tafsiry A, Ebdam AA, Rowshan V. Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oils from Carum copticum seed and Ferula assafoetida latex. J Food Sci. 2013 Feb;78(2):T356-61.
20. Angelini P, Pagiotti R, Venanzoni R, Granetti B. Antifungal and allelopathic effects of Asafoetida against Trichoderma harzianum and Pleurotus spp. Allelopathy J. 2009 Apr;23(2):357-68.
21. Gowda NKS, Malathi V, Suganthi RU. Effect of some chemical and herbal compounds on growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and aflatoxin production. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2004 Oct;116(3-4):281-91.
22. Lee CL, Chiang LC, Cheng LH, Liaw CC, Abd El-Razek MH, Chang FR, et al. Influenza A (H1N1) antiviral and cytotoxic agents from Ferula assa-foetida. J Nat Prod. 2009 Sep;72(9):1568-72.
23. Rollinger JM, Steindl TM, Schuster D, Kirchmair J, Anrain K, Ellmerer EP, et al. Structure-based virtual screening for the discovery of natural inhibitors for human rhinovirus coat protein. J Med Chem. 2008 Feb 28;51(4):842-51.
24. Esmaeili H, Hafezimoghadam Z, Esmailidehaj M, Rezvani ME, Hafizibarjin Z. The effect of asafoetida essential oil on myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2018 Jul-Aug;8(4):338-349.
25. Al‐Ja'fari AH, Vila R, Freixa B, Costa J, Cañigueral S. Antifungal compounds from the rhizome and roots of Ferula hermonis. Phytother Res. 2013 Jun;27(6):911-5.
26. Fani MM, Bazargani A, Farboodnia MA, Hasanpour Z, Zamani K, Yousefi Manesh E. An in Vitro Study on the Antibacterial Effect of Ferula Assa-Foetida L. and Quercus Infectoria Olivier Extracts on Streptococcus Mutans and Streptococcus Sanguis. Avicenna J Dent Res. 2015 Jun;7(1):10.17795/ajdr-22656.
27. Rahman MU, Gul S, Odhano EA. Antimicrobial activities of Ferula assafoetida oil against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Am-Euras J Agric Environ Sci. 2008 Jan;4(2):203-6.
28. Kavoosi G, Rowshan V. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil obtained from Ferula assa-foetida oleo-gum-resin: effect of collection time. Food Chem. 2013 Jun 15;138(4):2180-7.
29. Haghighati F, Jafari S, Beyt Elahi JM. Comparison of antimicrobial effects of ten herbal extracts with Chlorhexidine on three different oral pathogens; an in vitro study. Hakim Res J. 2003 Fall;6(3):71-6.
30. Bagheri SM, Asl AA, Shams A, Mirghanizadeh-Bafghi SA, Hafizibarjin Z. Evaluation of cytotoxicity effects of oleo-gum-resin and its essential oil of Ferula assa-foetida and ferulic acid on 4T1 breast cancer cells. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2017 Apr-Jun;38(2):116-20.
31. Botelho MA, Nogueira NA, Bastos GM, Fonseca SG, Lemos TL, Matos FJ, et al. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Lippia sidoides, carvacrol and thymol against oral pathogens. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2007 Mar;40(3):349-56.
32. Ahmad I, Beg AZ. Antimicrobial and phytochemical studies on 45 Indian medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant human pathogens. J Ethnopharmacol. 2001 Feb;74(2):113-23.
33. Khan R, Islam B, Akram M, Shakil S, Ahmad A, Ali SM, et al. Antimicrobial activity of five herbal extracts against multi drug resistant (MDR) strains of bacteria and fungus of clinical origin. Molecules. 2009 Feb 4;14(2):586-97.
34. Dip EC, Pereira NA, Fernandes PD. Ability of eugenol to reduce tongue edema induced by Dieffenbachia picta Schott in mice. Toxicon. 2004 May;43(6):729-35.
35. Dehpour AA, Ebrahimzadeh MA, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. Antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of Ferula assafoetida and its essential oil composition. Grasas y Aceites. 2009 Sep;60(4):405-12.
36. Khajeh M, Yamini Y, Bahramifar N, Sefidkon F, Pirmoradei MR. Comparison of essential oils compositions of Ferula assa-foetida obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and hydrodistillation methods. Food Chem. 2005 Aug;91(4):639-44.
37. Yousefi M, Mohammadi M, Habibi Z. Disulphides in the volatile oil of Ferula behboudiana Rech. f. & Esfand. Nat Prod Res. 2011 Oct;25(17):1629-34.
38. Siddiqui RR, Zafar U, Chaudhry SS, Ahmad H. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Schinus terebinthifolius, Cypress sempervirens, Citrus limon, Ferula assafoetida. Part I. Pak J Sci Ind Res. 1995;38(9/10):358-61.
39. García‐García R, López‐Malo A, Palou E. Bactericidal action of binary and ternary mixtures of carvacrol, thymol, and eugenol against Listeria innocua. J Food Sci. 2011 Mar;76(2):M95-100.
40. Rúa J, Fernández-Álvarez L, de Castro C, del Valle P, de Arriaga D, García-Armesto MR. Antibacterial activity against foodborne Staphylococcus aureus and antioxidant capacity of various pure phenolic compounds. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011 Jan;8(1):149-57.
41. Eftekhar F, Yousefzadi M, Borhani K. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil from Ferula gummosa seed. Fitoterapia. 2004 Dec;75(7-8):758-9.
42. Ibraheim ZZ, Abdel‐Mageed WM, Dai H, Guo H, Zhang L, Jaspars M. Antimicrobial antioxidant daucane sesquiterpenes from Ferula hermonis Boiss. Phytother Res. 2012 Apr;26(4):579-86.
43. Dorman H, Deans S. Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. J Appl Microbiol. 2000 Feb;88(2):308-16.
2. Karikalan S, Mohankumar A. Studies on ampicillin resistant plasmid of Streptococcus mutans isolated from dental caries patients. Biosci Biotech Res Comm. 2016;9(1):151-6.
3. Loesche WJ. Role of Streptococcus mutans in human dental decay. Microbiol Rev. 1986 Dec;50(4):353-380.
4. Yadav K, Prakash S. Dental caries: a review. Asian J Biomed Pharm Sci. 2016;6(53):1-7.
5. Brännström M, Nordenvall KJ. Bacterial penetration, pulpal reaction and the inner surface of concise enamel bond. Composite fillings in etched and unetched cavities. J Dent Res. 1978 Jan;57(1):3-10.
6. Cox CF, Keall CL, Keall HJ, Ostro E, Bergenholtz G. Biocompatibility of surface-sealed dental materials against exposed pulps. J Prosthet Dent. 1987 Jan;57(1):1-8.
7. Westergren G, Emilson CG. Colonization and cariogenic potential in hamsters of the bacterium Streptococcus sanguis isolated from human dental plaque. Arch Oral Biol. 1982;27(10):817-22.
8. Bjørndal L, Darvann T, Thylstrup A. A quantitative light microscopic study of the odontoblast and subodontoblastic reactions to active and arrested enamel caries without cavitation. Caries Res. 1998 Jan-Feb;32(1):59-69.
9. Brännström M, Lind PO. Pulpal response to early dental caries. J Dent Res. 1965 Sep-Oct;44(5):1045-50.
10. Browning WD, Johnson WW, Gregory PN. Clinical performance of bonded amalgam restorations at 42 months. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000 May;131(5):607-11.
11. Francis JR, Hunter B, Addy M. A comparison of three delivery methods of chlorhexidine in handicapped children: I. Effects on plaque, gingivitis, and toothstaining. J Periodontol. 1987 Jul;58(7):451-5.
12. Kalaga A, Addy M, Hunter B. Comparison of chlorhexidine delivery by mouthwash and spray on plaque accumulation. J Periodontol. 1989 Mar;60(3):127-30.
13. Atkinson CB. Hints, queries and comments: pyrozone. Dent Cosmos. 1893;35:330-2.
14. Patel R, Gallagher J, Chapple I. Question from practice: how to select the right mouthwash. J Cereb Circ. 2018;13:57.
15. Amirzade-Iranaq MH, Masoumil SMR. 50: effect of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of burning mouth syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2017;7(Suppl 1):bmjopen-2016-015415.50.
16. Saeidy S, Nasirpour A, Keramat J, Desbrières J, Le Cerf D, Pierre G, et al. Structural characterization and thermal behavior of a gum extracted from Ferula assa foetida L. Carbohydr Polym. 2018 Feb 1;181:426-32.
17. Kasaian J, Mohammadi A. Biological activities of farnesiferol C: a review. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2018 Jan;20(1):27-35.
18. Zomorodian K, Saharkhiz J, Pakshir K, Immeripour Z, Sadatsharifi A. The composition, antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of Ferula assa-foetida oleo-gum-resin. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol. 2018 Apr;14:300-304.
19. Kavoosi G, Tafsiry A, Ebdam AA, Rowshan V. Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oils from Carum copticum seed and Ferula assafoetida latex. J Food Sci. 2013 Feb;78(2):T356-61.
20. Angelini P, Pagiotti R, Venanzoni R, Granetti B. Antifungal and allelopathic effects of Asafoetida against Trichoderma harzianum and Pleurotus spp. Allelopathy J. 2009 Apr;23(2):357-68.
21. Gowda NKS, Malathi V, Suganthi RU. Effect of some chemical and herbal compounds on growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and aflatoxin production. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2004 Oct;116(3-4):281-91.
22. Lee CL, Chiang LC, Cheng LH, Liaw CC, Abd El-Razek MH, Chang FR, et al. Influenza A (H1N1) antiviral and cytotoxic agents from Ferula assa-foetida. J Nat Prod. 2009 Sep;72(9):1568-72.
23. Rollinger JM, Steindl TM, Schuster D, Kirchmair J, Anrain K, Ellmerer EP, et al. Structure-based virtual screening for the discovery of natural inhibitors for human rhinovirus coat protein. J Med Chem. 2008 Feb 28;51(4):842-51.
24. Esmaeili H, Hafezimoghadam Z, Esmailidehaj M, Rezvani ME, Hafizibarjin Z. The effect of asafoetida essential oil on myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2018 Jul-Aug;8(4):338-349.
25. Al‐Ja'fari AH, Vila R, Freixa B, Costa J, Cañigueral S. Antifungal compounds from the rhizome and roots of Ferula hermonis. Phytother Res. 2013 Jun;27(6):911-5.
26. Fani MM, Bazargani A, Farboodnia MA, Hasanpour Z, Zamani K, Yousefi Manesh E. An in Vitro Study on the Antibacterial Effect of Ferula Assa-Foetida L. and Quercus Infectoria Olivier Extracts on Streptococcus Mutans and Streptococcus Sanguis. Avicenna J Dent Res. 2015 Jun;7(1):10.17795/ajdr-22656.
27. Rahman MU, Gul S, Odhano EA. Antimicrobial activities of Ferula assafoetida oil against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Am-Euras J Agric Environ Sci. 2008 Jan;4(2):203-6.
28. Kavoosi G, Rowshan V. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil obtained from Ferula assa-foetida oleo-gum-resin: effect of collection time. Food Chem. 2013 Jun 15;138(4):2180-7.
29. Haghighati F, Jafari S, Beyt Elahi JM. Comparison of antimicrobial effects of ten herbal extracts with Chlorhexidine on three different oral pathogens; an in vitro study. Hakim Res J. 2003 Fall;6(3):71-6.
30. Bagheri SM, Asl AA, Shams A, Mirghanizadeh-Bafghi SA, Hafizibarjin Z. Evaluation of cytotoxicity effects of oleo-gum-resin and its essential oil of Ferula assa-foetida and ferulic acid on 4T1 breast cancer cells. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2017 Apr-Jun;38(2):116-20.
31. Botelho MA, Nogueira NA, Bastos GM, Fonseca SG, Lemos TL, Matos FJ, et al. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Lippia sidoides, carvacrol and thymol against oral pathogens. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2007 Mar;40(3):349-56.
32. Ahmad I, Beg AZ. Antimicrobial and phytochemical studies on 45 Indian medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant human pathogens. J Ethnopharmacol. 2001 Feb;74(2):113-23.
33. Khan R, Islam B, Akram M, Shakil S, Ahmad A, Ali SM, et al. Antimicrobial activity of five herbal extracts against multi drug resistant (MDR) strains of bacteria and fungus of clinical origin. Molecules. 2009 Feb 4;14(2):586-97.
34. Dip EC, Pereira NA, Fernandes PD. Ability of eugenol to reduce tongue edema induced by Dieffenbachia picta Schott in mice. Toxicon. 2004 May;43(6):729-35.
35. Dehpour AA, Ebrahimzadeh MA, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. Antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of Ferula assafoetida and its essential oil composition. Grasas y Aceites. 2009 Sep;60(4):405-12.
36. Khajeh M, Yamini Y, Bahramifar N, Sefidkon F, Pirmoradei MR. Comparison of essential oils compositions of Ferula assa-foetida obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and hydrodistillation methods. Food Chem. 2005 Aug;91(4):639-44.
37. Yousefi M, Mohammadi M, Habibi Z. Disulphides in the volatile oil of Ferula behboudiana Rech. f. & Esfand. Nat Prod Res. 2011 Oct;25(17):1629-34.
38. Siddiqui RR, Zafar U, Chaudhry SS, Ahmad H. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Schinus terebinthifolius, Cypress sempervirens, Citrus limon, Ferula assafoetida. Part I. Pak J Sci Ind Res. 1995;38(9/10):358-61.
39. García‐García R, López‐Malo A, Palou E. Bactericidal action of binary and ternary mixtures of carvacrol, thymol, and eugenol against Listeria innocua. J Food Sci. 2011 Mar;76(2):M95-100.
40. Rúa J, Fernández-Álvarez L, de Castro C, del Valle P, de Arriaga D, García-Armesto MR. Antibacterial activity against foodborne Staphylococcus aureus and antioxidant capacity of various pure phenolic compounds. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011 Jan;8(1):149-57.
41. Eftekhar F, Yousefzadi M, Borhani K. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil from Ferula gummosa seed. Fitoterapia. 2004 Dec;75(7-8):758-9.
42. Ibraheim ZZ, Abdel‐Mageed WM, Dai H, Guo H, Zhang L, Jaspars M. Antimicrobial antioxidant daucane sesquiterpenes from Ferula hermonis Boiss. Phytother Res. 2012 Apr;26(4):579-86.
43. Dorman H, Deans S. Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. J Appl Microbiol. 2000 Feb;88(2):308-16.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 16, No 2 (2019) | |
| Section | Original Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v16i2.1362 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Ferula foetida Streptococcus mutans Streptococcus sanguis Streptococcus salivarius Streptococcus sobrinus Lactobacillus rhamnosus | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Daneshkazemi A, Zandi H, Davari A, Vakili M, Emtiazi M, Lotfi R, Masoumi SMR. Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential oil from Seed and oleo-gum-resin Ferula assa foetida against Oral Pathogens. Front Dent. 2019;16(2):113-120.
