The Effect of Chemical and Mechanical Degradation on Surface Roughness, Topography, Gloss, and Polish Retention of Three Composites Polished with Five Polishing Systems
,
Abstract
Objective: Finishing and polishing (F/P) of composites is a fundamental step influencing the clinical service of restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different F/P systems on surface roughness, gloss, and polish retention of composite resins.
Materials and Methods: One-hundred and five disc-shaped specimens (4×4 mm) were made from nanofilled, microhybrid, and microfilled composites (n=35). The specimens were divided into five subgroups (n=7) for F/P with Sof-Lex (4-step), Shofu (4-step), Cosmedent (3-step), Diacomp Composite-Pro (2-step), and Opti1Step systems. The surface roughness values (Ra and Rz) were measured before and after pH-cycling and simulated toothbrushing. Surface topography was assessed by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at three magnifications. For assessment of surface gloss, 45 rectangular specimens (10×8×2 mm) were fabricated from three composites (n=15) and randomly allocated to five subgroups (n=3). Surface gloss was measured before and after aging. The mean values were calculated and analyzed by two-way ANOVA, Tukey, and t-test. Level of significance was set at 0.05.
Results: The composite type had no significant effect on surface roughness (P>0.05); however, the type of F/P system significantly affected it (P<0.05). The pH-cycling and simulated toothbrushing had no significant effect on gloss or polish retention of the three composites (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Type of F/P system had a greater effect on surface roughness and gloss of composite resins than the type of composite.
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29. Güler AU, Güler E, Yücel AC, Ertaş E. Effects of polishing procedures on color stability of composite resins. Appl Oral Sci. 2009 Apr;17(2):108-12.
30. Sarafianou A, Iosifidou S, Papadopoulos T, Eliades G. Color stability and degree of cure of direct composite restoratives after accelerated aging. Oper Dent. 2007 Aug;32(4):406-11.
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33. Atabek D, Sillelioglu H, Olmez A. The efficiency of a new polishing material: nanotechnology liquid polish. Oper Dent. 2010 Jun;35(3):362-9.
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35. Ergücü Z, Türkün LS. Surface roughness of novel resin composites polished with one-step systems. Oper Dent. 2007 Mar-Apr;32(2):185-92.
36. Türkün LS, Türkün M. The effect of one-step polishing system on the surface roughness of three esthetic resin composite materials. Oper Dent. 2004 Mar-Apr;29(2):203-11.
37. Scheibe KG, Almeida KG, Medeiros IS, Costa JF, Alves CM. Effect of different polishing systems on the surface roughness of microhybrid composites. J Appl Oral Sci. 2009 Feb;17(1):21-6.
38. Lainović T, Vilotić M, Blažić L, Kakaš D,
Marković D, Ivanišević A. Determination of surface roughness and topography of dental resin-based nanocomposites using AFM analysis. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2013 Feb;13(1):34-43.
39. Mohammadibassir M, Rezvani MB, Golzari H, Moravej Salehi E, Fahimi MA, Kharazi Fard MJ. Effect of two polishing systems on surface roughness, topography, and flexural strength of a monolithic lithium disilicate ceramic. J Prosthodont. 2019 Mar;28(1): 172-180.
40. Mohammadi-Bassir M, Babasafari M, Rezvani MB, Jamshidian M Effect of coarse grinding, overglazing, and 2 polishing systems on the flexural strength, surface roughness, and phase transformation of yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia. J Prosthet Dent. 2017 Apr;118(5):658-65.
2. Jefferies SR. Abrasive finishing and polishing in restorative dentistry: a state-of-the-art review. Dent Clin North Am. 2007 Apr;51(2):379-97.
3. Albers HF. Placement and finishing. In: Tooth-colored restoratives: Principles and Techniques. 9th ed. London: BC Decker Inc., Hamilton; 2002;162-181.
4. Rodrigues-Junior S, Chemin P, Piaia P, Ferracane J. Surface roughness and gloss of actual composites as polished with different polishing systems. Oper Dent. 2015 Aug;40(4):418-29.
5. Ereifej NS, Oweis YG, Eliades G. The effect of polishing technique on 3-D surface roughness and gloss of dental restorative resin composites. Oper Dent. 2013 Feb;38(1):E1-12.
6. Berger SB, Palialol AR, Cavalli V, Giannini M. Surface roughness and staining susceptibility of composite resins after finishing and polishing. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2011 Feb;23(1):34-43.
7. Tosco V, Monterubbianesi R, Orilisi G, Procaccini M, Grandini S, Putignano A, et al. Effect of four different finishing and polishing systems on resin composites: roughness surface and gloss retention evaluations. Minerva Stomatol. 2020 Aug;69(4):207-14.
8. Paravina RD, Roeder L, Lu H, Vogel K, Powers JM. Effect of finishing and polishing procedures on surface roughness, gloss and color of resin-based composites. Am J Dent. 2004 Aug;17(4):262-6.
9. Costa JD, Ferracane J, Paravina RD, Mazur RF, Roeder L. Effect of different polishing systems on surface roughness and gloss of various resin composites. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2007 Aug;19(4):214-24.
10. Waheeb N, Silikas N, Watts D. Initial polishing time affects gloss retention in resin composites. Am J Dent. 2012 Oct;25(5):303-6.
11. O'Brien WJ, Johnston WM, Fanian F, Lambert S. The surface roughness and gloss of composites. J Dent Res. 1984 May;63(5):685-8.
12. Jain V, Platt JA, Moore K, Spohr AM, Borges GA. Color stability, gloss, and surface roughness of indirect composite resins. J Oral Sci. 2013 Mar;55(1):9–15.
13. Lefever D, Perakis N, Roig M, Krejci I, Ardu S. The effect of tooth brushing on surface gloss of resin composites. Am J Dent. 2012 Feb;25(1):54-8.
14. Lee YK, Lu H, Oguri M, Powers JM. Changes in gloss after simulated generalized wear of composite resins. J Prosthet Dent. 2005 Oct;94(4):370-6.
15. Turssi CP, de Magalhães CS, Serra MC, Rodrigues Júnior Al. Surface roughness assessment of resin-based materials during brushing preceded by pH-cycling simulations. Oper Dent. 2001 Dec;26(6):576-84.
16. Carvalho FG, Sampaio CS, Fucio SB, Carlo HL, Correr-Sobrinho L, Puppin-Rontani RM. Effect of chemical and mechanical degradation on surface roughness of three glass ionomers and a nanofilled resin composite. Oper Dent, 2012 Mar;37(5):509-17.
17. Dantas DC, Mathias IF, Borges AB, Torres CR, Caneppele TM. Effects of artificial accelerated aging on the optical properties of resin composites. Biosci J. 2018 Apr;34(2):505-13.
18. Pires-de-Souza Fde C, Garcia Lda F, Hamida HM, Casemiro LA. Color stability of composites subjected to accelerated aging after curing using either a halogen or a light emitting diode source. Braz Dent J. 2007;18(2):119-23.
19. Takahashi R, Jin J, Nikaido T, Tagami J, Hickel R, Kunzelmann KH. Surface characterization of current composites after toothbrush abrasion. Dent Mater J. 2013 Jan;32(1):75-82.
20. Moraes RR, Ribeiro DD, Klumb MM, Brandt WC, Correr-Sobrinho L, Bueno M. In vitro tooth brushing abrasion of dental resin composites: packable, microhybrid, nanohybrid and microfilled materials. Braz Oral Res. 2008 Jun;22(2):112-8.
21. O'Neill C, Kreplak L, Rueggeberg FA, Labrie D, Shimokawa CA, Price RB. Effects of tooth brushing on gloss retention and surface roughness of five bulk-fill resin composites. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2018 Dec;30(1):59-69.
22. Haldal S, Rajesh SP, Ali SS. Quantitative assessment of the surface roughness of two esthetic restorative materials after tooth brush abrasion using 3-D profilometer and scanning electron microscope. Int J health Sci Res. 2013 Jan;3(1):43-9.
23. Karaarslan ES, Bulbul M, Yildiz E, Secilmis A, Sari F, Usumez A. Effects of different polishing methods on color stability of resin composites after accelerated aging. Dent Mater J. 2013 Oct;32(1):58-67.
24. Schmitt VL, Puppin-Rontani RM, Naufel FS, Nahsan FP, Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti M, Baseggio W. Effect of the polishing procedures on color stability and surface roughness of composite resins. ISRN Dent. 2011 Jul:617672.
25. Uppal M, Ganesh A, Balagopal S, Kaur G. Profilometric analysis of two composite resins' surface repolished after tooth brush abrasion with three polishing systems. J Conserv Dent. 2013 Aug;16(4):309-13.
26. Cenci MS, Venturini D, Pereira-Cenci T, Piva E, Demarco FF. The effect of polishing techniques and time on the surface characteristics and sealing ability of resin composite restorations after one-year storage. Oper Dent. 2008 Oct;33(2):169-76.
27. Jung M, Eichelberger K, Klimek J. Surface geometry of four nanofiller and one hybrid composite after one-step and multiple-step polishing. Oper Dent. 2007Aug;32(4):347-55.
28. Ergücü Z, Türkün LS, Aladag A. Color stability of nanocomposites polished with one-step systems. Oper Dent. 2008 Aug;33(4):413-20.
29. Güler AU, Güler E, Yücel AC, Ertaş E. Effects of polishing procedures on color stability of composite resins. Appl Oral Sci. 2009 Apr;17(2):108-12.
30. Sarafianou A, Iosifidou S, Papadopoulos T, Eliades G. Color stability and degree of cure of direct composite restoratives after accelerated aging. Oper Dent. 2007 Aug;32(4):406-11.
31. Yesil ZD, Alapati S, Johnston W, Seghi RR. Evaluation of the wear resistance of new nanocomposite resin restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2008 Jun;99(6):435-43.
32. Kameyama A, Nakazawa T, Haruyama A, Haruyama C, Hosaka M, Hirai Y. Influence of finishing/polishing procedures on the surface texture of two resin composites. Open Dent J. 2008 Mar;2:56-60.
33. Atabek D, Sillelioglu H, Olmez A. The efficiency of a new polishing material: nanotechnology liquid polish. Oper Dent. 2010 Jun;35(3):362-9.
34. Korkmaz Y, Ozel E, Attar N, Akso G. The influence of one-step polishing systems on the surface roughness and microhardness of nanocomposites. Oper Dent. 2008 Jan;33(1):44-50.
35. Ergücü Z, Türkün LS. Surface roughness of novel resin composites polished with one-step systems. Oper Dent. 2007 Mar-Apr;32(2):185-92.
36. Türkün LS, Türkün M. The effect of one-step polishing system on the surface roughness of three esthetic resin composite materials. Oper Dent. 2004 Mar-Apr;29(2):203-11.
37. Scheibe KG, Almeida KG, Medeiros IS, Costa JF, Alves CM. Effect of different polishing systems on the surface roughness of microhybrid composites. J Appl Oral Sci. 2009 Feb;17(1):21-6.
38. Lainović T, Vilotić M, Blažić L, Kakaš D,
Marković D, Ivanišević A. Determination of surface roughness and topography of dental resin-based nanocomposites using AFM analysis. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2013 Feb;13(1):34-43.
39. Mohammadibassir M, Rezvani MB, Golzari H, Moravej Salehi E, Fahimi MA, Kharazi Fard MJ. Effect of two polishing systems on surface roughness, topography, and flexural strength of a monolithic lithium disilicate ceramic. J Prosthodont. 2019 Mar;28(1): 172-180.
40. Mohammadi-Bassir M, Babasafari M, Rezvani MB, Jamshidian M Effect of coarse grinding, overglazing, and 2 polishing systems on the flexural strength, surface roughness, and phase transformation of yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia. J Prosthet Dent. 2017 Apr;118(5):658-65.
| Issue | Vol 18 (Continuously Published Article-Based) | |
| Section | Original Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v18i39.7608 | |
| Keywords | ||
| composite resins dental polishing surface properties materials testing | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Farzaneh F, Mohammadi-bassir M, Rezvani MB, Dehestani Ardakani F. The Effect of Chemical and Mechanical Degradation on Surface Roughness, Topography, Gloss, and Polish Retention of Three Composites Polished with Five Polishing Systems. Front Dent. 2021;18.
