Vol 5, No 2 (2008)
Proceeding Abstracts
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Objective: An association between poor oral health and chronic lung disease has recently been reported. The purpose of this study was to explore this potential association between asthma and periodontal disease.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive case controlled study. The samples were selected from patients referred to respiratory disease clinic in a hospital in Tehran, Iran. The study population comprised of one hundred individuals: fifty asthmatics and fifty asthmatic controls evaluated for Plaque index (PI), Gingival index (GI), Papillary Bleed-ing index (PBI), Periodontal Disease index (PDI) and Calculus index (CI). The data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: There were significant differences between asthmatics and non-asthmatic sam-ples in PI, GI, BOP, and PDI (P<0.01). However, there was no such differences in CI be-tween the two groups (P=0.084).
Conclusion: The results of the present study support recent published reports advocating a relationship between respiratory disease and periodontal health status.
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Objective: To study the accuracy of spiral tomography in the determination of implant angulation.
Materials and Methods: Eighteen gutta-percha filled points on dry mandibles were selected for implant placement. A translucent acrylic template was fabricated for each mandible. After preparing tomographic images (2 mm slice thickness, Cranex Tome), the ideal axis of the implant was traced. The angle between the ideal axis and the tangent line on the alveolar crest in the buccal side was measured and transferred to aluminum sleeves by a protractor. After implant placement, tomographic images were taken again and angles of the actual implants were estimated. In addition, the distances from the tip of the actual and the supposed implants to the buccal cortex were measured. The data were analyzed by paired sample t test with 95% confidence.
Results: Less than two-degree difference between angles of the supposed and the actual implants was found in 44.4% of the cases, whilst 33.3% revealed more than five-degree difference. There was a significant statistical difference between the angle of the actual and the supposed implants. There was also a significant statistical difference between the linear distances from the tip of the actual and the supposed implants to buccal cortex (P=0.015)
Conclusion: Spiral tomography in combination with template may provide acceptable results concerning implant angulation and prediction of cortical perforation risk. -
Relation Between Past and Present Dietary Sugar Intake and Dental Caries in A High Caries Population
Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate relationship between reported dietary habits and dental caries in five and six-year-old children referred for dental extractions.
Materials and Methods: Two hundred children were examined using standard caries diagnostic criteria. The numbers of decayed, missing and filled deciduous teeth were recorded. A food frequency table was completed by the parents of each child and analyzed through weighting the cariogenic potential by the frequency of consumption, and summing the two scores.
Results: The mean number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) was 7.1 (SD=3.29). There was no statistically significant correlation between the reported dietary intake and the caries rate in the study population P=0.07. Use of bottles with sugared drinks during infancy was associated with increased caries levels (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Poor infant feeding practices promote caries in childhood. A method of diet assessment which would evaluate diet-related health education is required. -
Objective: The aim of the present study was to histopathologically evaluate follicular tissues of third molars with pericoronal radiolucenciesof less than 2 millimeters.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive analytic study, 100 impacted third molars with normal follicular spaces were removed and their pericoronaltissues submitted for histopathologic examination. Different characteristicsof the epithelium and connective tissue were evaluated in all cases. Statisti-cal analysis was performed using chi square and Mann-Whitney tests.
Results: In our study sample, 74% of the patients were female and 26% were male, ranging in age from 13 to 54 years (mean, 25.3 years). Lining epithelium was observed in 69% of the specimens of which 31%, 23% and 14% was cuboidal, squamous and columnar, respectively. A significant re-lationship was found between the presence of squamous epithelium and pa-tient age (P<0.05). Nonspecific chronic inflammation was the only patho-logic finding observed in 44% of the specimens. Inflammation was signifi-cantly associated with age and squamous metaplasia (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Considering that pathologic lesions were not observed in anyof the studied cases, unerupted third molars should not be removed unless there is a clinical indication to do so, or in case the impacted molar shows evidence of pathological changes. Follow-up is suggested for asympto-matic impacted third molars. -
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of needlestick injury (NSI) and the factors associated with it among medical and dental students in Kerman province during the 2006 year.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 269 medical and dental students to evaluate NSIs and practices regarding the protective strategies. These students were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed by t-test and chi-square test.
Results: The questionnaires were completed by 245 students, of which 74.3% (182) had NSIs. The highest incidence among medical students was found to be in surgery ward and the emergency room, followed by Orthopedics and Internal wards, whilst the highest incidence among the dental students was seen in Endodontics, Surgery, and Periodontics Departments.
Conclusion: Medical and dental students were found at a high risk of NSIs and blood-borne infections during their clinical activities. Therefore, some preventive measures seem necessary to be taken into consideration.
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Objective: Loss of tooth structure due to dental caries and cavity preparation can reduce fracture resistance, especially in endodontically treated teeth. The aim of the present study was to evaluate fracture resistance of pulpotomized primary molar teeth restored with extensive multisurface amalgam restorations.
Materials and Methods: Eighty extracted carious human primary molar teeth were selected forpresent study. Teeth were divided in to eight groups of ten. Mesio- or disto-occlusal and Mesio-occluso-distal cavities with different cavity wall thickness (1.5 or 2.5 mm) were prepared in both first and second primary molar teeth. After restoring teeth with amalgam, all specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 7 days. Then samples were thermocycled for 1000 cycles from 5°C to 55°C. The specimens then were subjected to a compressive load in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm min-1. ANOVA and t-test were used for statistical analysis.
Results: Mean fracture resistance of first and second molar teeth were 975.5 N (SD=368.8) and 1049.2 N (SD=540.1) respectively. In the first molar group, fracture resistance of 2-surface cavities was significantly more than 3-surface cavities (P<0.001), however this difference was not statistically significant in the second molar group. In both first and second molar group, fracture resistance in cavities with 2.5 mm wall thickness, was significantly more than the group with 1.5 mm wall thickness.
Conclusion: The mean fracture resistance in pulpotomized primary molar restored with amalgam restorations was higher than reported maximum bite force in primary teeth even in extensive multi-surface restorations. Therefore, the teeth with large proximal carious lesions in schoolchildren could be restored with amalgam. -
Objective: Despite the strong relationship between sugars, mutans streptococcilevels and caries, relatively, little research has been carried out on one of the factors that may influ-ence sugar intake; namely sweet preference. The objective of the present study was to ex-plore the association between sweet preference and the levels of dental caries in 6-12 year-old schoolchildren in Hamedan.
Materials and Methods: Samples of both sexes (n=362) were randomly selected. Chil-dren's preference for sugar was measured using a modified version of the Sweet Prefer-ence Iventory, which assessed their preference for 5 different concentration of freshly pre-pared sucrose/tea solution: 0.075M, 0.15M, 0.3M, 0.6M, and 0.9M. Five thermos flasks were filled with the five different concentrations of tea and color-coded. The children were asked to taste, one after another and select the most palatable solution. Then, caries ex-perience was assessed according to WHO guidelines. Socio-demographic information was collected based on a simple questionnaire.
Results: Three hundreds and twentyof the children completed all aspects of the research. 64 of them were permanent teeth caries free and 51 were milky teeth caries free. Mean DMFT was 0.61 (SD=1.14) and dmft 3.9 (SD=3.12). The majority of the children (41.4%) preferred the two highest concentrations (0.6, 0.9) and 15% of them preferred the highest sweetness level (0.9M).The moderately sweet solution (0.3M), was selected by 30.9% and only 12.4% and 15.3% preferred the less sweet solutions respectively (0.075M, 0.15M).
Conclusion: There was no statistical relationship between sweet preference and dental caries.
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Pyknodysostosis is a rare bone disease that has autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized by short stature, diffuse osteosclerosis, acro-osteolysis, finger, and nail abnormalities. Other features include open fontanelles and sutures, relative proptosis and obtuse mandibular gonial angle with relative mandibular prognathism. Intraoral features such as dental abnormalities also have been reported.
In this report, a case of pyknodysostosis in a 9-year-old boy is presented. Most of the observed features were comparable to the other case reports but some findings such as repeated chest infection, sleep apnea, kyphosis, scoliosis, root shortness, pulp narrowing, supernumerary and hypodontia could not be observed in this case.
Instead, in this patient features such as anterior open bite and decreased anterior tooth display, not reported in other cases, was evident.
