Effect of 0.05% Sodium Fluoride Mouthwash on Surface Roughness and Friction Between Ceramic Brackets and Rhodium-Coated and Uncoated Stainless Steel Wires
-
Tahereh Hosseinzadeh Nik
,
Hannaneh Ghadirian
,
Tabassom Hooshmand
,
Mohammad Javad Kharrazi fard
,
Maryam Nasiri
,
Maryam Javaheri Mahd
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF) mouthwash on the surface roughness and friction between ceramic brackets and rhodium-coated (RC) and uncoated stainless steel (SS) wires.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed on 48 maxillary premolar ceramic brackets. Twenty-four pieces of RC-SS wires were used. Samples were divided into four groups. Groups 1 and 2 were immersed in artificial saliva, and groups 3 and 4 were immersed in a solution consisting of artificial saliva (9%) and mouthwash (91%). To assess surface roughness, images were obtained from the surface of wires and brackets with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after the intervention. To assess friction, the wires were ligated into brackets, and friction was measured at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/minute using a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 0.05 significance level.
Results: Friction during sliding in RC wires was significantly less than that in SS wires (P<0.05). Increase in the friction in SS wires by mouthwash was significantly greater compared to RC wires (P<0.05). Surface roughness coefficients of the wires before the intervention were not significantly different. The surface roughness of the wires significantly increased after the intervention and it was greater in SS wires than in RC wires (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Considering the lower friction and surface roughness of SS-RC wires compared to SS wires, SS-RC wires may be a better alternative for use with ceramic brackets.
1. Ryu SH, Lim BS, Kwak EJ, Lee GJ, Choi S, Park KH. Surface ultrastructure and mechanical properties of three different white-coated NiTi archwires. Scanning. 2015 Nov-Dec;37(6):414-21.
2. Chng CK, Foong k, Gandedkar NH, Chan YH, Chew CL. A new esthetic fiber-reinforced polymer composite resin archwire: a comparative atomic force microscope (AFM) and field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) study. Prog Orthod. 2014 May 30;15(1):39.
3. Rongo R, Valletta R, Bucci R, Rivieccico V, Galeotti A, Michelotti A, et al. In vitro biocompatibility of nickel-titanium esthetic orthodontic archwires. Angle Orthod. 2016 Sep;86(5):789-95.
4. Muguruma T, Iijima M, Yuasa T, Kawaguchi K, Mizoguchi I. Characterization of the coatings covering esthetic orthodontic archwires and their influence on the bending and frictional properties. Angle Orthod. 2017 Jul;87(4):610-7.
5. Totino M, Riccio A, Di Leo M, Arcuri L, Cerroni L, Pasquantonio G, et al. Aesthetic orthodontic archwires: The state of art. Oral Implantol (Rome). 2015 Oct;7(4):115-22.
6. Burstone CJ, Liebler SA, Goldberg AJ. Polyphenylene polymers as esthetic orthodontic archwires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011 Apr;139(4 Suppl):e391-8.
7. Rudge P, Sherriff M, Bister D. A comparison of roughness parameters and friction coefficients of aesthetic archwires. Eur J Orthod. 2015 Feb;37(1):49-55.
8. Kim Y, Cha JY, Hwang CJ, Yu HS, Tahk SG. Comparison of frictional forces between aesthetic orthodontic coated wires and self-ligation brackets. Korean J Orthod. 2014 Jul;44(4):157-67.
9. Asiry MA, AlShahrani I, Almoammar S, Durgesh BH, Al Kheraif AA, Hashem MI. Influence of epoxy, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and rhodium surface coatings on surface roughness, nano-mechanical properties and biofilm adhesion of nickel titanium (Ni-Ti) archwires. Mater Res Express. 2018 Jan;5(2):026511.
10. Tang YC, Peh XL, Zakaria NN, Radzi Z. Mechanical and Surface Properties of Initial and Working Aesthetic Orthodontic Archwires. Ann Dent UM. 2017 Dec;23(1):17-28.
11. Abbassy MA. Fluoride influences nickel-titanium orthodontic wires' surface texture and friction resistance. J Orthod Sci. 2016 Oct-Dec;5(4):121-126.
12. Kusy RP, Whitley JQ. Effects of surface roughness on the coefficients of friction in model orthodontic systems. J Biomech. 1990;23(9):913-25.
13. Kahlon S, Rinchuse D, Robison JM, Close JM. In-vitro evaluation of frictional resistance with 5 ligation methods and Gianelly-type working wires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 Jul;138(1):67-71.
14. Lundström F, Krasse B. Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli frequency in orthodontic patients; the effect of chlorhexidine treatments. Eur J Orthod. 1987 May;9(2):109-16.
15. Tufekci E, Casagrande ZA, Lindauer SJ, Fowler CE, Williams KT. Effectiveness of an essential oil mouthrinse in improving oral health in orthodontic patients. Angle Orthod. 2008 Mar;78(2):294-8.
16. Nalbantgil D, Ulkure F, Kardas G, Culha M. Evaluation of corrosion resistance and surface characteristics of orthodontic wires immersed in different mouthwashes. Biomed Mater Eng. 2016 Nov 25;27(5):539-549.
17. Chaturvedi TP. Corrosion behaviour of orthodontic alloys-a review. Orthod Cyber J. 2008;18:6-16.
18. Walker MP, Ries D, Kula K, Ellis M, Fricke B. Mechanical properties and surface characterization of beta titanium and stainless steel orthodontic wire following topical fluoride treatment. Angle Orthod. 2007 Mar;77(2):342-8.
19. Khoury ES, Abboud M, Basil-Nassif N, Bouserhal J. Effect of a two-year fluoride decay protection protocol on titanium brackets. Int Orthod. 2011 Dec;9(4):432-51.
20. Arash V, Rabiee M, Rakhshan V, Khorasani S, Sobouti F. In vitro evaluation of frictional forces of two ceramic orthodontic brackets versus a stainless steel bracket in combination with two types of archwires. J Orthod Sci. 2015 Apr-Jun;4(2):42-6.
21. Bednar JR, Gruendeman GW, Sandrik JL. A comparative study of frictional forces between orthodontic brackets and arch wires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991 Dec;100(6):513-22.
22. Abbas AA, Alhuwaizi AF. The Effect of Wire Dimension, Type and Thickness of Coating Layer on Friction of Coated Stainless-Steel Arch Wires. Int J Med Res Health Sci. 2018 Jan;7(3):115-21.
23. Mendes K, Rossouw PE. Friction: validation of manufacturer’s claim. Semin Orthod. 2003 Dec;9(4):236-250.
24. Kusy RP, Whitley JQ, Prewitt MJ. Comparison of the frictional coefficients for selected archwire-bracket slot combinations in the dry and wet states. Angle Orthod. 1991 Winter;61(4):293-302.
25. Downing A, Mccabe JF, Gordon PH. The effect of artificial saliva on the frictional forces between orthodontic brackets and archwires. Br J Orthod. 1995 Feb;22(1):41-6.
26. Natt AS, Sekhon AK, Munjal S, Duggal R, Holla A, Gupta P, et al. A comparative evaluation of static frictional resistance using various methods of ligation at different time intervals: an in vitro study. Int J Dent. 2015;2015:407361.
27. Kusy RP, Whitley JQ. Effects of sliding velocity on the coefficients of friction in a model orthodontic system. Dent Mater. 1989 Jul;5(4):235-40.
28. Eliades ¬T, Brantley W. In vitro friction assessment in orthodontics, in Eliades T, Brantley W (editors). Orthodontic Applications of Biomaterials: A Clinical Guide. Woodhead Publishing: Elsevier, 2017:97-105.
29. Danaei SM, Safavi A, Roeinpeikar SM, Oshagh M, Iranpour S, Omidkhoda M. Ion release from orthodontic brackets in 3 mouthwashes: an in-vitro study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011 Jun;139(6):730-4.
30. Geramy A, Hooshmand T, Etezadi T. Effect of Sodium Fluoride Mouthwash on the Frictional Resistance of Orthodontic Wires. J Dent (Tehran). 2017 Sep:14(5):254-258.
31. Alavi S, Farahi A. Effect of fluoride on friction between bracket and wire. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2011 Dec;8(Suppl 1):S37-S42.
32. Katić V, Mandić V, Ježek D, Baršić G, Špalj S. Influence of various fluoride agents on working properties and surface characteristics of uncoated, rhodium coated and nitrified nickel-titanium orthodontic wires. Acta Odontol Scand. 2015 May;73(4):241-9.
33. Katić V, Buljan ZI, Špalj S, Ćurković HO. Corrosion Behavior of Coated and Uncoated Nickel-Titanium Orthodontic Wires in Artificial Saliva with Short-term Prophylactic Fluoride Treatment. Int J Electrochem Sci. 2018 May;13(5):4160-4170.
34. Sander K. The Effect of Topical Fluoride Agents on Coated Nickel-Titanium Archwires. Available at: https://mospace.umsystem.edu/xmlui/handle/10355/48037 /Accessed April 14, 2018.
35. Katić V, Ćurković HO, Semenski D, Baršić G, Marušić K, Špalj S. Influence of surface layer on mechanical and corrosion properties of nickel-titanium orthodontic wires. Angle Orthod. 2014 Nov;84(6):1041-8.
36. Kusy RP, Whitley JQ, Mayhew MJ, Buckthal JE. Surface roughness of orthodontic archwires via laser spectroscopy. Angle Orthod. 1988 Jan;58(1):33-45.
37. Choi S, Hwang EY, Park HK, Park YG. Correlation between frictional force and surface roughness of orthodontic archwires. Scanning. 2015 Nov-Dec;37(6):399-405.
2. Chng CK, Foong k, Gandedkar NH, Chan YH, Chew CL. A new esthetic fiber-reinforced polymer composite resin archwire: a comparative atomic force microscope (AFM) and field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) study. Prog Orthod. 2014 May 30;15(1):39.
3. Rongo R, Valletta R, Bucci R, Rivieccico V, Galeotti A, Michelotti A, et al. In vitro biocompatibility of nickel-titanium esthetic orthodontic archwires. Angle Orthod. 2016 Sep;86(5):789-95.
4. Muguruma T, Iijima M, Yuasa T, Kawaguchi K, Mizoguchi I. Characterization of the coatings covering esthetic orthodontic archwires and their influence on the bending and frictional properties. Angle Orthod. 2017 Jul;87(4):610-7.
5. Totino M, Riccio A, Di Leo M, Arcuri L, Cerroni L, Pasquantonio G, et al. Aesthetic orthodontic archwires: The state of art. Oral Implantol (Rome). 2015 Oct;7(4):115-22.
6. Burstone CJ, Liebler SA, Goldberg AJ. Polyphenylene polymers as esthetic orthodontic archwires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011 Apr;139(4 Suppl):e391-8.
7. Rudge P, Sherriff M, Bister D. A comparison of roughness parameters and friction coefficients of aesthetic archwires. Eur J Orthod. 2015 Feb;37(1):49-55.
8. Kim Y, Cha JY, Hwang CJ, Yu HS, Tahk SG. Comparison of frictional forces between aesthetic orthodontic coated wires and self-ligation brackets. Korean J Orthod. 2014 Jul;44(4):157-67.
9. Asiry MA, AlShahrani I, Almoammar S, Durgesh BH, Al Kheraif AA, Hashem MI. Influence of epoxy, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and rhodium surface coatings on surface roughness, nano-mechanical properties and biofilm adhesion of nickel titanium (Ni-Ti) archwires. Mater Res Express. 2018 Jan;5(2):026511.
10. Tang YC, Peh XL, Zakaria NN, Radzi Z. Mechanical and Surface Properties of Initial and Working Aesthetic Orthodontic Archwires. Ann Dent UM. 2017 Dec;23(1):17-28.
11. Abbassy MA. Fluoride influences nickel-titanium orthodontic wires' surface texture and friction resistance. J Orthod Sci. 2016 Oct-Dec;5(4):121-126.
12. Kusy RP, Whitley JQ. Effects of surface roughness on the coefficients of friction in model orthodontic systems. J Biomech. 1990;23(9):913-25.
13. Kahlon S, Rinchuse D, Robison JM, Close JM. In-vitro evaluation of frictional resistance with 5 ligation methods and Gianelly-type working wires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 Jul;138(1):67-71.
14. Lundström F, Krasse B. Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli frequency in orthodontic patients; the effect of chlorhexidine treatments. Eur J Orthod. 1987 May;9(2):109-16.
15. Tufekci E, Casagrande ZA, Lindauer SJ, Fowler CE, Williams KT. Effectiveness of an essential oil mouthrinse in improving oral health in orthodontic patients. Angle Orthod. 2008 Mar;78(2):294-8.
16. Nalbantgil D, Ulkure F, Kardas G, Culha M. Evaluation of corrosion resistance and surface characteristics of orthodontic wires immersed in different mouthwashes. Biomed Mater Eng. 2016 Nov 25;27(5):539-549.
17. Chaturvedi TP. Corrosion behaviour of orthodontic alloys-a review. Orthod Cyber J. 2008;18:6-16.
18. Walker MP, Ries D, Kula K, Ellis M, Fricke B. Mechanical properties and surface characterization of beta titanium and stainless steel orthodontic wire following topical fluoride treatment. Angle Orthod. 2007 Mar;77(2):342-8.
19. Khoury ES, Abboud M, Basil-Nassif N, Bouserhal J. Effect of a two-year fluoride decay protection protocol on titanium brackets. Int Orthod. 2011 Dec;9(4):432-51.
20. Arash V, Rabiee M, Rakhshan V, Khorasani S, Sobouti F. In vitro evaluation of frictional forces of two ceramic orthodontic brackets versus a stainless steel bracket in combination with two types of archwires. J Orthod Sci. 2015 Apr-Jun;4(2):42-6.
21. Bednar JR, Gruendeman GW, Sandrik JL. A comparative study of frictional forces between orthodontic brackets and arch wires. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991 Dec;100(6):513-22.
22. Abbas AA, Alhuwaizi AF. The Effect of Wire Dimension, Type and Thickness of Coating Layer on Friction of Coated Stainless-Steel Arch Wires. Int J Med Res Health Sci. 2018 Jan;7(3):115-21.
23. Mendes K, Rossouw PE. Friction: validation of manufacturer’s claim. Semin Orthod. 2003 Dec;9(4):236-250.
24. Kusy RP, Whitley JQ, Prewitt MJ. Comparison of the frictional coefficients for selected archwire-bracket slot combinations in the dry and wet states. Angle Orthod. 1991 Winter;61(4):293-302.
25. Downing A, Mccabe JF, Gordon PH. The effect of artificial saliva on the frictional forces between orthodontic brackets and archwires. Br J Orthod. 1995 Feb;22(1):41-6.
26. Natt AS, Sekhon AK, Munjal S, Duggal R, Holla A, Gupta P, et al. A comparative evaluation of static frictional resistance using various methods of ligation at different time intervals: an in vitro study. Int J Dent. 2015;2015:407361.
27. Kusy RP, Whitley JQ. Effects of sliding velocity on the coefficients of friction in a model orthodontic system. Dent Mater. 1989 Jul;5(4):235-40.
28. Eliades ¬T, Brantley W. In vitro friction assessment in orthodontics, in Eliades T, Brantley W (editors). Orthodontic Applications of Biomaterials: A Clinical Guide. Woodhead Publishing: Elsevier, 2017:97-105.
29. Danaei SM, Safavi A, Roeinpeikar SM, Oshagh M, Iranpour S, Omidkhoda M. Ion release from orthodontic brackets in 3 mouthwashes: an in-vitro study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011 Jun;139(6):730-4.
30. Geramy A, Hooshmand T, Etezadi T. Effect of Sodium Fluoride Mouthwash on the Frictional Resistance of Orthodontic Wires. J Dent (Tehran). 2017 Sep:14(5):254-258.
31. Alavi S, Farahi A. Effect of fluoride on friction between bracket and wire. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2011 Dec;8(Suppl 1):S37-S42.
32. Katić V, Mandić V, Ježek D, Baršić G, Špalj S. Influence of various fluoride agents on working properties and surface characteristics of uncoated, rhodium coated and nitrified nickel-titanium orthodontic wires. Acta Odontol Scand. 2015 May;73(4):241-9.
33. Katić V, Buljan ZI, Špalj S, Ćurković HO. Corrosion Behavior of Coated and Uncoated Nickel-Titanium Orthodontic Wires in Artificial Saliva with Short-term Prophylactic Fluoride Treatment. Int J Electrochem Sci. 2018 May;13(5):4160-4170.
34. Sander K. The Effect of Topical Fluoride Agents on Coated Nickel-Titanium Archwires. Available at: https://mospace.umsystem.edu/xmlui/handle/10355/48037 /Accessed April 14, 2018.
35. Katić V, Ćurković HO, Semenski D, Baršić G, Marušić K, Špalj S. Influence of surface layer on mechanical and corrosion properties of nickel-titanium orthodontic wires. Angle Orthod. 2014 Nov;84(6):1041-8.
36. Kusy RP, Whitley JQ, Mayhew MJ, Buckthal JE. Surface roughness of orthodontic archwires via laser spectroscopy. Angle Orthod. 1988 Jan;58(1):33-45.
37. Choi S, Hwang EY, Park HK, Park YG. Correlation between frictional force and surface roughness of orthodontic archwires. Scanning. 2015 Nov-Dec;37(6):399-405.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 16, No 2 (2019) | |
| Section | Original Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v16i2.1363 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Sodium Fluoride Mouthwashes Orthodontic Friction Surface Properties Orthodontic Wires Ceramics Orthodontic Brackets | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Hosseinzadeh Nik T, Ghadirian H, Hooshmand T, Kharrazi fard MJ, Nasiri M, Javaheri Mahd M. Effect of 0.05% Sodium Fluoride Mouthwash on Surface Roughness and Friction Between Ceramic Brackets and Rhodium-Coated and Uncoated Stainless Steel Wires. Front Dent. 2019;16(2):121-129.
